Changes in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates over 20 years in National Capital Region of India: results from a repeat cross-sectional study

Roy, Ambuj; Praveen, Pradeep A.; Amarchand, Ritvik; Ramakrishnan, Lakshmy; Gupta, Ruby; Kondal, Dimple; Singh, Kalpana; Sharma, Meenakshi; Shukla, Deepak; Tandon, Nikhil; Reddy, K. Srinath; Krishnan, Anand; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015639

Cited by 68 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Previous studies found that awareness about high blood pressure and use of antihypertensive medication is low in this region. 22,23,30 Also, the health systems are not well-prepared to manage the large burden of NDCs. 31,32 Therefore, the policy makers should focus mainly on reduction of BMI at population level as one of the most important primary prevention strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in South Asian population: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey

Hossain

Shawon

Adhikary

et al. 2019

Preprint

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1Although there has been a well-established association between adiposity and 2 hypertension, whether such associations are heterogeneous for South Asian 3 populations or for different socioeconomic groups is not well-known. We analysed 4 the recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Bangladesh, India, and 5Nepal to estimate the age-specific prevalence of hypertension and the association of 6 body mass index (BMI) with hypertension. We used multiple logistic regressions to 7 estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of hypertension 8 for overweight and obesity as well as for each 5-unit increase in BMI. The overall 9 prevalence for hypertension among participants aged 35-44 years were 17.4%, 20%, 10 and 22.5% for Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, respectively. For all age groups, men 11 were more likely to be hypertensive than women in India and Nepal, but not in 12Bangladesh. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher odds of 13 hypertension in all countries. For each 5 kg/m 2 increase in BMI, the ORs for 14 hypertension were 1.79 (95% CI: 1.65-1.93), 1.59 (95% CI: 1.58-1.61), and 2.03 15 (95% CI: 1.90-2.16) in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, respectively. The associations 16 between BMI and hypertension were consistent across various subgroups defined by 17 sex, age, urbanicity, educational attainment and household's wealth index. Our study 18shows that the association of BMI with hypertension is stronger for South Asian 19 populations, and public health measures to reduce population-level reduction in BMI 20 would also help in lowering the burden of hypertension. population level. [9][10][11] In addition, looking at the association in subgroups defined by 15 sex, age, urbanicity, and socioeconomic status is crucial to understand how 16 consistent the association between BMI and hypertension is across different groups. 17There is no study, to the best of our knowledge, which looked at the association of 18 BMI with hypertension across different groups in nationally-representative samples 19from South Asian countries. 20In this study, we aim to examine the age-specific prevalence of hypertension in three 21 South Asian countries, namely Bangladesh, India, and Nepal. We also systematically 22 assess the association between overweight-obesity and hypertension using different 23 cut-offs, and how the association between BMI and hypertension varies across a 24wide variety of subgroups of population. 25 METHODS 1 Study design and data sources 2This study is based on three South Asian countries, namely Bangladesh, India, and 3Nepal. Recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data for these countries had 4 information on both blood pressure and anthropometry for adult population. 5 DHS are periodical nationally-representative household surveys which provide data 6 for a wide range of variables on population, health, and nutrition. These surveys 7 usually are conducted by a national implementing agency with technical assistances 8 provided by the DHS program. Surveys are based on tw...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in South Asian population: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey

Hossain

Shawon

Adhikary

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…18 The mean blood pressure of study participants were in the prehypertensive range (~139/88) which could be due to the increase in prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among rural and urban population alike. 19,20 The mean FPG and 2h-PPG of the study participants were in the diabetic (~145 mg/dL) and prediabetic (~177 mg/dL) range indicating the increasing prevalence of the global pandemics diabetes mellitus 21 and prediabetes. 22 The mean lipid parameters of the study participants were within normal range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…6/Issue 33/Aug. 19,2019 Page 2213 stroke incidence to people aged less than 65 years and this has been described as due to epidemic rise in cardiovascular diseases in Russia, China and India. [9][10][11] 12% of strokes in India occur in less than 40 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Cerebrovascular Accidents

Sechassayana¹

2019

jebmh

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BACKGROUNDThe role of non-high-density cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in cardiovascular events and cerebrovascular events remains a subject of controversy. We wanted to evaluate the role of non-HDL-C in stroke. METHODSOur cross-sectional study enrolled 100 participants with acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) excluding traumatic CVA and CVA due to vasculitis. Institutional ethics committee approved the study and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants. Collected data included history, socio demographic parameters, examination findings and laboratory parameters. Non-HDL-C was calculated by deducting HDL-C from TC. Tests of significance were independent sample t test and Chi square test and a p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTSThe mean age of stroke was ~64 years, mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were in the prehypertensive range. Significant association of serum LDL and non-HDL with ASCVD risk categorization was observed. CONCLUSIONSIncrease in incidence of stroke among young was observed with higher prevalence among males. Increasing burden of prehypertension and diabetes mellitus was observed among stroke patients. 20% participants had high serum non-HDL with normal serum LDL and 18% participants had high serum non-HDL with normal serum total cholesterol. Our study demonstrates the significance of non-HDL in acute stroke and might be a better predictor when used along with conventional investigations. Further studies on larger samples are required to demonstrate the usefulness of this parameter for predicting cerebrovascular accidents. KEYWORDSStroke, Non-HDL, ASCVD Risk, LDL HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Sechassayana N, Doraickannu T, James J. Role of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in cerebrovascular accidents.

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“…5 A large proportion of individuals remain unaware and undiagnosed of hypertension and diabetes; and among those who receive treatment, many (>60%) fail to achieve the recommended control targets. [7][8][9] Even more worrying is the disparities in access to health care and inadequate manpower in the public health system…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategic Opportunities for Leveraging Low-cost, High-impact Technological Innovations to Promote Cardiovascular Health in India

2019

Self Cite

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Accelerated epidemiological transition in India over the last 40 years has resulted in a dramatic increase in the burden of cardiovascular diseases and the related risk factors of diabetes and hypertension. This increase in disease burden has been accompanied by pervasive health disparities associated with low disease detection rates, inadequate awareness, poor use of evidence-based interventions, and low adherence rates among patients in rural regions in India and those with low socioeconomic status.Several research groups in India have developed innovative technologies and care-delivery models for screening, diagnosis, clinical management, remote-monitoring, self-management, and rehabilitation for a range of chronic conditions. These innovations can leverage advances in sensor technology, genomic tools, artificial intelligence, big-data analytics, and so on, for improving access to and delivering quality and affordable personalized medicine in primary care. In addition, several health technology start-ups are entering this booming market that is set to grow rapidly. Innovations outside biomedical space (eg, protection of traditional wisdom in diet, lifestyle, yoga) are equally important and are part of a comprehensive solution.Such low-cost, culturally tailored, robust innovations to promote health and reduce disparities require partnership among multi-sectors including academia, industry, civil society, and health systems operating in a conducive policy environment that fosters adequate public and private investments.In this article, we present the unique opportunity for India to use culturally tailored, low-cost, high-impact technological innovations and strategies to ameliorate the perennial challenges of social, policy, and environmental challenges including poverty, low educational attainment, culture, and other socioeconomic factors to promote cardiovascular health and advance health equity. Ethn Dis. 2019;29(Suppl 1):145- 152; doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.145.

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Changes in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates over 20 years in National Capital Region of India: results from a repeat cross-sectional study

Cited by 68 publications

References 29 publications

Association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in South Asian population: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey

Association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in South Asian population: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey

Role of Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Cerebrovascular Accidents

Strategic Opportunities for Leveraging Low-cost, High-impact Technological Innovations to Promote Cardiovascular Health in India

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