Prevalence and Risk Factors of Knee Osteoarthritis in a Rural Community of Odisha: A Snap Shot Study

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is a common disease of joint and the knee joint is mostly affected. The prevalence in India is 22-39%. Elder age group are more affected than younger age group. It affects female more than male. Knee OA is strongly associated with occupational activities that involves kneeling and squatting. Fruits, milk, meat, poultry are some protective dietary factors against knee OA. Paucity of community based surveys in Odisha, prompted authors to do a survey to find the prevalence and risk factors of knee OA in the rural community. Materials andMethods: A cross sectional survey was conducted across five villages during September 2017 to February 2018. 299 subjects were selected by multistage sampling. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic profile, diet, ACR criteria and possible risk factors was administered to the subjects after written consent. Then data was analysed using SPSS software version 16.0 Result: Prevalence of knee OA was found to be 29.7% [95% CI: 24.4% -34.8%]. The associated risk factors are age ≥50years [p <0.001], female gender[p=<0.001], BMI more than 27.5 kg/m 2 [p=0.04], lower SES [p=0.03], activity involving kneeling or squatting [p=<0.001] etc. Regular fruit or vegetable consumption provide some protection against knee OA [OR=0.5; 0.3-0.9, p=0.02]. Farming as an occupation was found protective against knee OA [AOR=0.05; 0.009-0.301 P<0.001]. Conclusion: Every third person in this community is having knee OA. Risk factors are advancing age, female gender, and occupational activities involving kneeling and squatting, obesity. Farmers have some protection against knee OA.

Study of magnitude of knee osteoarthritis among adult population with age 40 years and above in rural area: a cross sectional study

“…Similar findings observed by Aswin Kumar Das et al in his study on prevalence and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in a rural community of Odisha: A Snap Shot Study shows lower socio-economic status being significantly associated with high prevalence of knee OA with OR=1.7 [1.0-2.9] and p value=0.03. 13 Also, similar results were observed by and Ajit et al and Salve et al 14,5 Our study shows significant association (p=0. Our study shows higher prevalence of Knee OA in subjects consuming tobacco but the association was not statistically significant.…”

Prevalence, risk factors, and health seeking behavior for knee osteoarthritis among adult population in rural Jammu – A Community based Cross Sectional Study

“…This was in tune with other studies. [ 16 17 18 19 ] Those with a positive history of knee trauma had 3.5 times higher odds as compared to those having no history of trauma in our study. MK Sasidharan et al .…”

Approaches to osteoarthritis - A qualitative study among patients in a rural setting in Central Western India

“…The prevalence of knee OA based on clinical criteria has been estimated to be 4.4% and 3.4% in rural and urban India, respectively, when adjusted for demographic differences (Haq and Davatchi, 2011). Higher prevalence figures of 28.7% and 29.7% have been reported in other Indian studies (Das, Routray, and Panigrahi, 2018;Pal et al, 2016). Older age, obesity, and genetic factors increase the risk of OA (Vina and Kwoh, 2018), as do occupational activities with repetitive work or joint overload, such as squatting, kneeling, and cross-legged sitting that are common in India (Felson et al, 2000;Sandmark, Hogstedt, and Vingard, 2000).…”