Prevalence and risk analysis of bovine brucellosis in Asella organized dairy farm, Oromia Regional State, South East Ethiopia

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted on organized Dairy Farm at Asella, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia to determine seroprevalence and risk analysis of bovine brucellosis in May, 2016. A total of 304 samples were collected; all were tested and confirmed serologically using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT). Out of 304 samples tested, overall seroprevalence of RBPT and CFT results was12.48% (38) and 9.87% (30) respectively, which was higher in animals above two years age than younger one. History of abortion and retained fetal membrane were found to be significantly (p<0.05) associated with occurrence of bovine brucellosis. A statistically not significant difference (p >0.05) was observed between cross and local dairy cattle. The result showed the high prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the farm. Hence, culling of the positive dairy cattle and practicing good management should result in a control and prevent of the brucellosis.

Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis in Sendafa, Oromia Special Zone surrounding Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…In the other hand, the present finding was lower than the previous research works conducted in different parts of Ethiopia by Abay [37] in Arsi, Gebawo et al [38] in Adami Tullu, Hunduma and Regassa [21] in East Shoa Zone, Hailu et al [39] in Jig-Jiga zone of Somali Regional State, Gebreyohans [40] in Addis Ababa, Tariku [41] in Chafa State Dairy Farm, Taye [42] in Abernosa Cattle Breeding Ranch, and Mussie et al (2007) [43] in Bahir Dar milk shed who reported magnitude of 4.9%, 4.3%, 4.1%, 1.38%, 1.5%, 22%, 19.5%, and 4.63%, respectively. Moreover, the present finding was by far much lower than the findings of Wossene et al [44] (14.6%), Eyob et al [45] (9.87%), Mekonnen et al [46] (6.1%), Alehegn et al [47] (4.9%), Gelma et al [48] (4.7%), Hika et al [49] (3.75%), Berhe et al [50] (3.19%), Megersa et al [51] (3.5%), Kemal and Minda [52] (4.95%), Jergefa et al [22] (2.9%), Hagos et al [53] (2.4%), Fekadu et al [54] (2%), Dinknesh et al [55] (1.04%), Moti et al [56] (1.97%), Yohannes et al [57] (2.6%), Abera et al [58] (2.7%), Bulcha et al [59] (1.04%) and Yitagele et al [60] (1.3%) who reported in Jikow District (Gambella), Asella, Western Tigray, Gondar Town, Borana Zone, Bishoftu Town, Tigray, Southern and Eastern Ethiopia, Agarfa and Berbere Districts of Bale Zone, Central Oromiya, Alage district, Eastern Showa, Becho District, Guto-Gida district, Arsi Zone, Hawassa Town, Adama Town and Eastern Ethiopia, respectively.…”

Seroprevalence of Bovine Brucellosis and Associated Risk Factors in Western Ethiopia

“…48,49 This could be explained by the fact that these two factors are the typical outcome of the brucellosis. 31,41,49 Other studies have also shown a significant association between the disease and abortion and retained fetal. 27,41,43,50 Similarly, studies from different African countries show that brucellosis in bovine directly correlates with the presence of abortion.…”

“…On the other side, lower seroprevalence was recorded in different parts of Ethiopia, 11 with 0.73% in Jimma Zone, 24 0.49% in Western Shewa, 25 0.4% in urban dairy farms of Northern Ethiopia, 26 0.2% in Debrebirhan and Ambo Towns, 12 and with 0.05% in Arsi Zone. There are reports of a higher seroprevalence rate of bovine brucellosis in other parts of the country, 27 3.1% in Jimma Zone of Oromia region, 28 2.77% in the Addis Ababa dairy cattle, 29 4.3% in Adami Tulu, central Ethiopia, 30 4.9% in Western Tigray, 3 8.0% in pastoral region of the country, 31 9.87% in Asella organized dairy farm, 32 10.6% in Borana, 33 11.0% in Wuchale-Jida district, central Ethiopia, 34 and with 11.2% in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of East Shewa Zone. Similarly, higher seroprevalence was reported in other African countries 35 with 5.3% in Tanzania, 36 24.0% in Nigeria, 37 21.9% in Ghana 38 and 24.5% in Sudan.…”

“…Western Tigray, 3 8.0% in pastoral region of the country, 31 9.87% in Asella organized dairy farm, 32 10.6% in Borana, 33 11.0% in Wuchale-Jida district, central Ethiopia, 34 and with 11.2% in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of East Shewa Zone. Similarly, higher seroprevalence was reported in other African countries 35 with 5.3% in Tanzania, 36 24.0% in Nigeria, 37 21.9% in Ghana 38 and 24.5% in Sudan.…”

“…This difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). 31,[39][40][41][42] There was similarly reported significant variation in the serological prevalence of brucellosis with the prevalence in cross-bred than indigenous ones. The higher seroprevalence in crossbreeds might be due to the lower sample size, the smaller number of the crossbreeds examined compared to local breeds.…”