The study was conducted from November 2015 to November 2016 to determine bacterial load and identify pathogenic bacteria (S. aureus,E. coli, andSalmonellaespecies) in meat from abattoir and butcher shops as well as to assess associated hygienic and sanitation practices being experienced in the selected study site. A cross-sectional study was conducted where a simple random sampling method was used to select butcher shops, and the municipal abattoir was purposively selected. A structured questionnaire survey was also used to assess hygienic status of the municipal abattoir and butcher shops. A total of 124 samples (48 swab samples from abattoir carcass, 4 samples of carcass washing water about 20 ml of each, and 36 swab samples each from butcher shop cutting table and cutting knife, respectively) were collected during the study period. The collected samples were processed for aerobic plate count, and the total mean count was found to be 4.53 log10 cfu/cm2from abattoir carcass swab samples, 2.4 log10 cfu/ml from water samples, 6.58 log10 cfu/cm2from butcher shops cutting table, and 6.1 log10 cfu/cm2from cutting knife swab samples.E. coliwas the dominant bacterial species isolated (35.2%), followed byS. aureus(22.5%) andSalmonellaespecies (9.9%). According to the questionnaire survey, 48.4% (15/31) of the abattoir workers did not receive any training regarding food safety issues. Moreover, a majority (66.67%) of the respondents of the butcher house workers were grade 1–4 (elementary) in their educational level and do not use hairnet and handle money with bare hands during serving meat to consumers. The study showed that the hygienic status of the abattoir and butcher shops in the study area is poor, and the obtained results of bacterial load are higher than the acceptable limit of the standard. Therefore, the necessary strategies towards hygiene and sanitation of meat in the town should be implemented.

Beekeeping is one of the most important sectors that contribute to the improvement of the livelihoods of people in many countries. A cross-sectional study was carried out in southwestern Ethiopia to determine the adoption rate, determinate factors, and community perception of improved beekeeping technologies. A multistage random sampling method was conducted to select study districts. A total of 180 beekeepers were interviewed for this study with a proportional random sampling method from adopters and non-adopters of technologies. From a total of 180 beekeepers, 61 (33.9%) and 119 (66.1%) were adopters and nonadopters, respectively. The majority of respondents stated that high yield, ease for inspection, and quality of honey are the main advantages, while high cost, the need for high skill, and access to technology are the major detriments to the adoption of Dereje Tulu ABOUT THE AUTHOR Dereje Tulu is a researcher at Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), Tepi Agricultural Research Center. His research work focuses on veterinary sciences. He has published various papers in several scientific journals. Melkam Aleme is a researcher at EIAR, Tepi Agricultural Research Center. He has been conducting different research on animal production and apiculture. Gezahegn Mengistu is a researcher at EIAR, Tepi Agricultural Research Center. He has been carried out different research on animal production and apiculture. Ararsa Bogale is a researcher at EIAR, Tepi Agricultural Research Center. He has carried out various researches on animal production and honeybee. His key interest is in honey bee disease and modern hive improvement. Amsalu Bezabeh is senior researcher at Holeta Bee Research Center. He is a national honey bee research program coordinator. His research interest is mainly on the improvement of honeybee production in Ethiopia. Esayas Mendesil is Associate Professor of Entomology at Jimma University. His research areas include beneficial insects, insect ecology and integrated pest management.

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Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease of cattle that cause a significant economic loss in cattle production in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with aim of assessing prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in Jimma Horro district from November 2016 to November 2017. Fecal samples from randomly selected 384 cattle of different age group, sex and body condition were collected and examined with parasitological techniques (sedimentation technique). The prevalence of bovine fasciolosis as determined from coprological examination was highest in Une (31.3%), followed by Makanisa (29.2%), Abono (26.1%) and Ilu Kitaye (24.0%) peasant associations. The overall prevalence of bovine fasciolosis was 27.6% (106/384) in the study areas.Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified season (OR= 4.6), sex (OR= 6.1), age groups (OR= 32.4) and body condition (OR= 5.8) of cattle as risk factors (P<0.05) for fasciolosis in the study area. However, there were no statistically significant differences observed between herd size, species composition and origin of cattle (P> 0.05).The present finding shows that fasciolosis in cattle is the most economically important parasitic disease affecting cattle and common in Jimma Horro district. Hence, there is a need to create awareness about impact of disease on cattle production and appropriate control methods of fasciolosis should be designed and implemented. Further epidemiological investigation should be carried out in the study area.

Brucellosis is a globally distributed zoonotic disease that causes serious problems in developing countries such as Ethiopia. Brucella abortus is the primary cause of brucellosis in cattle, and Brucella melitensis and Brucella suis also occasionally cause Brucella infection in cattle. Abortion and the retained fetal membrane are typical signs in females, whereas orchitis and bursitis are the known signs in male cattle. Brucellosis is typically transmitted to healthy cattle by direct or indirect contact with diseased cattle or their discharges. Humans can acquire brucellosis through the consumption of unpasteurized milk or milk products, and through contact with diseased cattle or their discharges. The occurrence of bovine brucellosis is affected by different factors related to the management system, host, and environmental factors. In Ethiopia, the occurrence of brucellosis is high in pastoral and mixed cattle management systems, wherever humans live closely with cattle and so have a higher probability of picking up the Brucella organism. The most suitable technique in the management of Brucella infection is the vaccination of young female cattle. Brucella abortus can also be eradicated by the isolation of diseased cattle, administration of immunizing agents, and test-and-slaughter methods. Therefore, it is important to implement applicable management techniques and to increase public awareness about the transmission of brucellosis, and further research should be conducted on brucellosis in high-risk groups.