Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of bovine leukemia virus in Colombian cattle

Co-Circulation of Bovine Leukemia Virus Haplotypes among Humans, Animals, and Food Products: New Insights of Its Zoonotic Potential

“…Contemplating the globality of this study, there is evidence of congruence between the analyses carried out, revealing the transmission networks of the virus between cattle and humans, potentially using food as a dissemination vehicle [ 34 ]. These findings support evidence provided by previous studies [ 27 , 29 ] suggesting the transmission of BLV to human beings based on the evidence of the virus in food products and the presence of the virus in the bovine population with high prevalence rates and its worldwide distribution [ 8 , 10 ]. Statistically significant results were also identified in the current study with the consumption of dairy products and raw milk in humans ( Table 2 ), supporting the hypothesis of transmission through cattle-derived food products.…”

“…Samples stored at −20 °C at the Virology Lab of the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana obtained between 2015–2018 and collected from cattle blood [ 10 ], human female breast tissues and blood [ 33 ] and cattle-derived food products (milk and beef) [ 34 ] from different regions of Colombia were used in this study. In these samples, presence of BLV had previously been detected, positive samples were sequenced and deposited in GenBank.…”

“…Most of the infected cattle (70%) remain without any clinical signs, while some of them evolve into leukemia and/or lymphoma (10–15%) after a persistent infection over several years [ 7 ]. BLV is distributed worldwide with prevalence rates between 5 and 90% among different regions [ 8 ], with a particular impact both in North and Latin American countries with the highest reported prevalence rates [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

“…Previous studies by our research group have found the presence of the virus both in cattle [ 10 ] and humans [ 33 ], as well as the presence of viral gene segments in raw beef and milk [ 34 ]. However, no concluding remarks have been described towards the proposal of a zoonotic infection from cattle to humans, hence, the transmission pathway has not been clarified.…”

Characterization of microRNA expression in B cells derived from Japanese black cattle naturally infected with bovine leukemia virus by deep sequencing

“…Major dairy producing countries, including the United States, Canada, Argentina, and China, have also reported BLV prevalences of 30% to 50% in their dairy herds [5][6][7][8]. The following countries and regions around the world have also reported moderate increases in BLV, with prevalences of 2.3% in Turkey [9], 41.3% in Iran [10], 3.9% in Mongolia [11], 9.7% in the Philippines [12], 21.5% in Egypt [13], 12.6% in South Africa [14], and 62% in Colombia [15]. In 1998, the annual number of EBL outbreaks was reported to be only 99, but by 2019 this had increased to 4,113 [16].…”