Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Chickens in Anhui, China

Abstract

Salmonella is one of the most important zoonotic pathogens that can cause both acute and chronic illnesses in poultry flocks, and can also be transmitted to humans from infected poultry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular characteristics of Salmonella isolated from diseased and clinically healthy chickens in Anhui, China. In total, 108 Salmonella isolates (5.66%) were successfully recovered from chicken samples (n = 1908), including pathological tissue (57/408, 13.97%) and cloacal swabs (51/1500, 3.40%), and S. Enteritidis (43.52%), S. Typhimurium (23.15%), and S. Pullorum (10.19%) were the three most prevalent isolates. Salmonella isolates showed high rates of resistance to penicillin (61.11%), tetracyclines (47.22% to tetracycline and 45.37% to doxycycline), and sulfonamides (48.89%), and all isolates were susceptible to imipenem and polymyxin B. In total, 43.52% isolates were multidrug-resistant and had complex antimicrobial resistance patterns. The majority of isolates harbored cat1 (77.78%), blaTEM (61.11%), and blaCMY-2 (63.89%) genes, and the antimicrobial resistance genes in the isolates were significantly positively correlated with their corresponding resistance phenotype. Salmonella isolates carry high rates of virulence genes, with some of these reaching 100% (invA, mgtC, and stn). Fifty-seven isolates (52.78%) were biofilm-producing. The 108 isolates were classified into 12 sequence types (STs), whereby ST11 (43.51%) was the most prevalent, followed by ST19 (20.37%) and ST92 (13.89%). In conclusion, Salmonella infection in chicken flocks is still serious in Anhui Province, and not only causes disease in chickens but might also pose a threat to public health security.

The Resistance and Virulence Characteristics of Salmonella Enteritidis Strain Isolated from Patients with Food Poisoning Based on the Whole-Genome Sequencing and Quantitative Proteomic Analysis

“…Enteritidis has been detected in various hosts, including humans, poultry and food, with a wide geographical distribution spanning Asia, Africa, the Americas and Europe. 49 The phylogenetic analysis in this study also showed that these ST11 S . Enteritidis strains isolated from different geographical distributions and hosts have similar genetic relationships.…”

Detection of Salmonella Enteritidis (sefA) gene, isolated from internal organs of broiler Chickens

“…The rate of S. Enteritidis isolation was (18.60%) from the total collected samples (24/129), The rate of isolation accepted with that calculated by (Elkenany et al, 2019) (11.4 %) and (Wang et al, 2020) (16.6%). On the over mined, the high percentage of S. Enteritidis isolation was determined by (Tan et al, 2022) and (Shen et al, 2023), which was (39.7%) and (43.52%) respectively. The prevalence of salmonellosis in liver was (20%).…”

Genetic Diversity of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis from Human and Non-Human Sources in Portugal

“…The most frequent MLST profile of S. Enteritidis found circulating in Portugal was ST11 (97%), and the three novel STs (ST9236, ST4457, and ST9995) were associated with human strains. Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 seems to be one of the most prevalent sequence types [ 32 ] and has been detected in various reservoirs, including humans, poultry, and food sources, with a wide geographic distribution spanning Europe [ 1 , 47 ], Asia [ 48 ], Africa [ 47 , 49 ], and South America [ 50 ].…”