Pressure Control for Leakage Minimisation in Water Distribution Systems Management

Araújo, Luana Seixas Andril; Ramos, Helena M.; Coelho, S. T.

doi:10.1007/s11269-006-4635-3

Cited by 303 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The optimal control valve placements are obtained starting from random initial guesses. Most of the locations coincide with those reported in [2,30], where a control valve placement problem was solved by coupling genetic algorithms and the hydraulic simulator EPANET with the objective to minimize leakage. This observation demonstrates that our framework can be effectively applied to optimal placement of control valves where the leakage management is explicitly formulated.…”

Section: Case Studysupporting

confidence: 53%

Penalty and relaxation methods for the optimal placement and operation of control valves in water supply networks

2016

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In this paper, we investigate the application of penalty and relaxation methods to the problem of optimal placement and operation of control valves in water supply networks, where the minimization of average zone pressure is the objective. The optimization framework considers both the location and settings of control valves as decision variables. Hydraulic conservation laws are enforced as nonlinear constraints and binary variables are used to model the placement of control valves, resulting in a mixed-integer nonlinear program. We review and discuss theoretical and algorithmic properties of two solution approaches. These include penalty and relaxation methods that solve a sequence of nonlinear programs whose stationary points converge to a stationary point of the original mixed-integer program. We implement and evaluate the algorithms using a benchmarking water supply network. In addition, the performance of different update strategies for the penalty and relaxation parameters are investigated under multiple initial conditions. Practical recommendations on the numerical implementation are provided.

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Section: Case Studysupporting

confidence: 53%

Penalty and relaxation methods for the optimal placement and operation of control valves in water supply networks

2016

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“…Carravetta et al 2012 proposed placement in the inlet nodes of network districts. Araújo et al 2006 suggested identification of a number of nodes with energy potential within the entire network. Sitzenfrei and von Leon 2014 developed a complex methodology with different phases that combines GIS techniques and sensitivity analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approach of using stochastic optimization algorithms has been investigated in WSNs design and location of control valves (Ramos et al 2010;Araújo et al 2006;Farmani et al 2005;Cunha and Sousa 2001). Nevertheless, the use of these techniques for the current problem has not yet been thoroughly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

Samora

Franca

Schleiss

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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In water supply systems, the potential exists for micro-hydropower that uses the pressure excess in the networks to produce electricity. However, because urban drinking water networks are complex systems in which flows and pressure vary constantly, identification of the ideal locations for turbines is not straightforward, and assessment implies the need for simulation. In this paper, an optimization algorithm is proposed to provide a selection of optimal locations for the installation of a given number of turbines in a distribution network. A simulated annealing process was developed to optimize the location of the turbines by taking into account the hourly variation of flows throughout an average year and the consequent impact of this variation on the turbine efficiency. The optimization is achieved by considering the characteristic and efficiency curves of a turbine model for different impeller diameters as well as simulations of the annual energy production in a coupled hydraulic model. The developed algorithm was applied to the water supply system of the city Lausanne (Switzerland). This work focuses on the definition of the neighborhood of the simulated annealing process and the analysis of convergence towards the optimal solution for different restrictions and numbers of installed turbines.Water Resour Manage

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“…In particular the use of Pressure Reduction Valves (PRV) within the network is recommended to grant optimal pressure values in most of the network's nodes and minimal water volumes dispersed in leakages (Araujo et al 2006;Walsky et al 2006;Prescott and Ulanicki 2008;Xu et al 2014;Dai and Li 2016). Hydro Power Plants (HPP) represents a good alternative to PRV, reducing pressure and enhancing the energy efficiency of the water systems (Punys et al 2011;McNabola et al 2011;Gaius-obaseki 2010;Ramos et al 2010;Carravetta et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Osmotic Desalination Plants for Water Supply Networks

Carravetta

Fecarotta

Golia

et al. 2016

Water Resour Manage

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Water scarcity and the poor quality of water resources are leading to a wider diffusion of desalination plants using the Reverse Osmosis (RO) process. Unfortunately, the cost of a cubic meter of fresh water produced by an RO plants is still high and many efforts are in progress to increase the efficiency of the membranes used in osmotic plants and to limit the energy required by the process. A further reduction of the energy cost could be obtained by an optimal operation of the desalination plant so reducing the hourly energy cost, or by coupling the RO plant with an energy production plant based on direct osmosis (Pressure Retarded Osmosis PRO). The economic viability of the desalination process has been analyzed until now without accounting for the integration of the RO plant with the existing water network. This analysis is developed in the present paper with reference to a hypothetical change of water supply in a real network, where a desalination plant is used to satisfy the fresh water demand. Several scenarios will be analyzed to assess the minimum cost of fresh water production and water supply to the network, including the use of energy recovery systems, such as an integrated use of RO and PRO processes, or the regulation of pressure at the network intake by a micro hydro power plant.

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Pressure Control for Leakage Minimisation in Water Distribution Systems Management

Cited by 303 publications

References 12 publications

Penalty and relaxation methods for the optimal placement and operation of control valves in water supply networks

Penalty and relaxation methods for the optimal placement and operation of control valves in water supply networks

Simulated Annealing in Optimization of Energy Production in a Water Supply Network

Optimization of Osmotic Desalination Plants for Water Supply Networks

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