Presentation of Unrecognized Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in College Students

Heiligenstein, Eric; Keeling, Richard P.

doi:10.1080/07448481.1995.9940481

Cited by 89 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…11 Several lines of evidence suggest that the patients with ADHD may present with behaviors consistent with the 'reward deficiency syndrome'. [12][13][14][15] In particular, the compromised regulation of impulses as well as the poor planning and organization described in patients with ADHD may lead to abnormal eating behaviors, such as bulimic behaviors, which, in turn, may be associated with obesity. 16,17 Therefore, bulimic behaviors may mediate, at least in part, the association between ADHD and obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bulimic behaviors in a clinical sample of severely obese adolescents

et al. 2006

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Objective: Preliminary evidence suggests a comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. This study was carried out to identify the clinical characteristics of obese adolescents with a higher probability of ADHD and advance the understanding of the potential factors underlying the comorbidity between obesity and ADHD. We evaluated the association between ADHD symptoms and bulimic behaviors, depressive and anxiety symptoms, degree of obesity, pubertal stage, age and gender in a clinical sample of obese adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Ninety-nine severely obese adolescents aged 12-17 years. Measurements: Subjects filled out the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh, the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Their parents completed the Conners Parent Rating Scale, which assesses ADHD symptoms. The degree of overweight was expressed as body mass index-z score. Puberty development was clinically assessed on the basis of Tanner stages. Results: Bulimic behaviors were significantly associated with ADHD symptoms after controlling for depressive and anxiety symptoms. The degree of overweight, pubertal stage, age and gender were not significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. Conclusion: Obese adolescents with bulimic behaviors may have a higher probability to present with ADHD symptoms independently from associated depressive or anxiety symptoms. The degree of overweight, pubertal stage, age and gender might not be useful for detecting obese adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Therefore, we suggest systematic screening for ADHD in obese adolescents with bulimic behaviors. Further studies are needed to understand which specific dimension of ADHD primarily accounts for the association with bulimic behaviors. Future research should also investigate the causal link between bulimic behaviors and ADHD and explore potential common neurobiological alterations. This may lead to a better understanding of the effectiveness of stimulants for the treatment of bulimic behaviors in obese subjects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bulimic behaviors in a clinical sample of severely obese adolescents

et al. 2006

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“…Results of ADHD co-morbidity studies were similar to those from the NCS-R: 30% to 35% of patients with ADHD had major depression, 40% to 50% had anxiety disorders, and 40% to 50% had SUD 28,29 . Many studies have found that students with ADHD have had more depressive symptoms than others 14,26,30 . In a review of studies in community samples by Angold et al, it has been reported that the rate of MDD in youths with ADHD was 5.5 times higher than those without ADHD 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heilingstein and Keeling made a systematic chart review and further investigation for 42 students who seek treatment and after the inspection of the charts, these students were diagnosed with ADHD 26 . In these students, most common presenting problem was ADHD symptoms (55%), followed by mood symptoms (21%), academic under achievement (14%), and non specific learning disability (10%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and co-morbid disorders among students of Cumhuriyet University

et al. 2012

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TURKEYABSTRACT -Background and Objectives: Most of the previous studies investigated prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among university students with self report measures. Present study investigated actual prevalence of ADHD and comorbid disorders among university students in Cumhuriyet University of Sivas in Turkey.Methods: In the first stage, 980 university students filled in the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale and socio-demographic form, 79 of whom were above the cut-off score of Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, considered as possible ADHD. They were evaluated in the second stage via structured interview SCID I, SCID II, Adult ADHD Module of MINI Plus. In addition, subjects filled in the self report Adult ADD/ADHD DSM IV-Based Diagnostic Screening and Rating Scale.Results: The self report ADHD prevalence rate was 10.1% and the actual prevalence rate of ADHD among the university students was calculated 6.1%. The prevalence of ADHD was greater among male than female (7.0% vs. 5.5%). Among the male students inattentive subtype was 1.6%, hyperactive-impulsive 0.24%, combined 5.1%. Female students were found to be inattentive by 1.45%, hyperactive-impulsive by 0.56% and combined type by 3.48%. Most of the students with ADHD had Axis I (especially depressive disorders) and Axis II disorders (especially cluster B personality disorders). ADHD diagnosis was associated with more cigarette and alcohol use, academic failure, legal problems, somatic complaints and suicide attempts. Students with ADHD were spending more time on the Internet than students without ADHD. Only one student diagnosed with ADHD reported to have had previous ADHD diagnosis.Conclusions: ADHD is common among university students. Having a diagnosis of ADHD in early adulthood seems to be associated with psychological, social, and academic problems.

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“…Estudos têm afirmado que, quanto maior o número de sinais de falta de atenção, maiores os problemas enfrentados no desempenho escolar, embora não se registrem problemas de saúde mental, de raciocínio ou de aquisição de conhecimentos (Heiligenstein, 1995;Applegate & cols., 1997). As dificuldades para aprender são causadas, em grande parte, pelas dificuldades manifestadas em resolver problemas, em planejar e organizar tarefas, além da falta de esforço empreendido e da utilização de estratégias não eficazes face às tarefas, o que leva à crença de que são preguiçosas e pouco esforçadas, tanto pelos pais quanto pelos professores (Barkley, 1990).…”

Section: Psicologia Escolar E Educacional 2002 Volume 6 Número 2 141unclassified

Aceitação e rejeição: percepção de escolares desatentos no ambiente escolar

Tonelotto

2002

Psicol. Esc. Educ.

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ResumoO principal objetivo deste estudo foi identificar crianças desatentas no contexto de sala de aula e verificar como percebem e são percebidas por seus colegas nesse contexto. A amostra constituiu-se de 128 escolares provenientes de uma escola pública, com idade entre seis e nove anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas individuais com os sujeitos e com as professoras e foram tratados por meio das provas estatísticas que permitiram que se definissem dois grupos distintos, um em que os problemas de atenção foram identificados e outro em que isso não ocorreu. Observou-se presença de maior número de atitudes negativas em relação aos colegas e à escola no grupo de crianças com problemas de atenção; que também se caracterizou como o mais rejeitado e menos aceito pelos colegas de sala de aula, configurando seus componentes como menos populares. Esses resultados permitiram que fossem identificadas importantes variáveis interferentes no processo de aprendizagem de crianças desatentas, ampliando possibilidades de intervenção capazes de minimizar os problemas enfrentados no dia-a-dia da sala de aula.Palavras-chave: Déficit de atenção; aceitação; rejeição. ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION: PERCEPTION OF INATTENTIVE CHILDREN WITHIN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT AbstractThe main objective of this study has been to identify inattentive children within the context of their classroom and to verify how they perceive and are perceived by their colleagues within this context. The sample consisted of six to nine-year old school children from a government school. Data were collected by means of individual interviews with the subjects and with their teachers and addressed with the aid of statistic proofs. These have0 allowed the definition of two different groups: one, in which problems with attention identified and the other, in which this did not happen. A great number of negative attitudes in relation to colleagues and the school noticed within the group of children with attention problems, who also characterized as the most rejected and least accepted by the classroom colleagues, who configured their components as less popular. These results have enabled the identification of important variables interfering with the learning process of inattentive children, broadening the possibilities of intervention capable of minimizing the problems faced in a classroom on a daily basis.Key words: Attention deficit; acceptance; rejection. INTRODUÇÃOPara a maior parte dos escolares enfrentar, sem problemas, o processo de aquisição da leitura, escrita e cálculo é tarefa bastante difícil. Coexistem, no período inicial da escolarização, um número considerável de fatores capazes de se constituírem como obstáculos interferentes nesse processo, sejam eles de ordem interna ou externa ao indivíduo. Esses fatores têm sido estudados por pesquisadores de diversas áreas e, especificamente, por educadores em busca de técnicas eficazes para a melhoria do ensino-aprendizagem. O ambiente escolar em si, sobretudo no que diz respeito à sala de aula, é relativ...

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Presentation of Unrecognized Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in College Students

Cited by 89 publications

References 7 publications

Association between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bulimic behaviors in a clinical sample of severely obese adolescents

Association between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bulimic behaviors in a clinical sample of severely obese adolescents

Prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and co-morbid disorders among students of Cumhuriyet University

Aceitação e rejeição: percepção de escolares desatentos no ambiente escolar

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