Presentation of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency with Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Pneumocystis Co-infection

Domínguez‐Pinilla, Nerea; Allende-Martínez, Luis; Sánchez, María Dolores Corral; Arocena, Jaime de Inocencio; González‐Granado, Luis Ignacio

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000569

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The overall mortality rate was 18.8% and only one death was attributable to PCP. Other studies show a similar mortality rate, ranging from 11.5% to 20% in children under 5 years-old treated for severe PCP [ 18 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Nevez et al also showed that 71.4% of children presenting a P. jirovecii -positive respiratory sample were born at term, and the authors did not identify prematurity as a risk factor associated with P. jirovecii [ 5 ]. Furthermore, among the cases reports of PCP in children under 3 years old, the most frequently found underlying disease is SCID [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Indeed, we observed that Pj-positive status was not always associated with severe immunosuppression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detection of Pneumocystis jirovecii in Hospitalized Children Less Than 3 Years of Age

Driouich

Luciani

et al. 2021

JoF

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Few data are available in the literature regarding Pneumocystis jirovecii infection in children under 3 years old. This retrospective cohort study aimed to describe medically relevant information among them. All children under 3 years old treated in the same medical units from April 2014 to August 2020 and in whom a P. jirovecii evaluation was undertaken were enrolled in the study. A positive case was defined as a child presenting at least one positive PCR for P. jirovecii in a respiratory sample. Medically relevant information such as demographical characteristics, clinical presentation, microbiological co-infections, and treatments were collected. The objectives were to describe the characteristics of these children with P. jirovecii colonization/infection to determine the key underlying diseases and risk factors, and to identify viral respiratory pathogens associated. The PCR was positive for P. jirovecii in 32 children. Cardiopulmonary pathologies (21.9%) were the most common underlying disease in them, followed by severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) (18.8%), hyaline membrane disease (15.6%), asthma (9.4%) and acute leukaemia (6.3%). All SCID children were diagnosed with pneumocystis pneumonia. Co-infection with Pj/Rhinovirus (34.4%) was not significant. Overall mortality was 18.8%. Paediatric pneumocystis is not restricted to patients with HIV or SCID and should be considered in pneumonia in children under 3 years old.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%