Preschool Weight and Body Mass Index in Relation to Central Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood

Abstract

BackgroundIf preschool measures of body size routinely collected at preventive health examinations are associated with adult central obesity and metabolic syndrome, a focused use of these data for the identification of high risk children is possible. The aim of this study was to test the associations between preschool weight and body mass index (BMI) and adult BMI, central obesity and metabolic alterations.MethodsThe Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC1966) (N = 4111) is a population-based cohort. Preschool weight (age 5 months and 1 year) and BMI (age 2–5 years) were studied in relation to metabolic syndrome as well as BMI, waist circumference, lipoproteins, blood pressure, and fasting glucose at the age of 31 years. Linear regression models and generalized linear regression models with log link were used.ResultsThroughout preschool ages, weight and BMI were significantly linearly associated with adult BMI and waist circumference. Preschool BMI was inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein levels from the age of 3 years. Compared with children in the lower half of the BMI range, the group of children with the 5% highest BMI at the age of 5 years had a relative risk of adult obesity of 6.2(95% CI:4.2–9.3), of adult central obesity of 2.4(95% CI:2.0–2.9), and of early onset adult metabolic syndrome of 2.5(95% CI:1.7–3.8).ConclusionsHigh preschool BMI is consistently associated with adult obesity, central obesity and early onset metabolic syndrome. Routinely collected measures of body size in preschool ages can help to identify children in need of focused prevention due to their increased risk of adverse metabolic alterations in adulthood.

Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Sleep Duration, and Childhood Overweight: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

“…(32, 51-53)They include SDB and short sleep duration, which we assessed from birth to nearly 7 years, to determine associations with subsequent obesity. Compared with children without SDB symptoms, those with the worst symptoms (peak age ≈ 2.5-3 years) had double the odds of obesity at 7, 10, and 15 years-- independent of sleep duration.…”

“…More broadly, our focus upon earlier childhood sleep exposures reflects evidence that sleep patterns early in childhood as compared with late childhood are more strongly associated with subsequent obesity, and that excess weight gain in early childhood tracks to later years. (32-34, 38, 51) Reverse causality is possible (ie, overweight may cause SDB). To address this, we adjusted for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and child’s weight and length at 6 months, both of which are strong determinants of a child’s later BMI.…”

The effects of phthalate and nonylphenol exposure on body size and secondary sexual characteristics during puberty

“…The prevalence (95% uncertainty intervals) of overweight or obesity was from 16.9 (16.1-17.7)% to 23.8 (22.9-24.7)% in boys and from 16.2 (15.5-17.1)% to 22.6 (21.7-23.6)% in girls (Ng et al, 2014). Moreover, Graversen et al observed that the prevalence of overweight or obesity was consistently associated with a high body mass index (BMI) during preschool years and with adult obesity, central obesity and the early onset of metabolic syndrome (Graversen et al, 2014). Overweight children most likely become obese adults.…”

The association between platelet count and metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents

“…MetS increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are leading causes of mortality in adults [2]. Moreover, the clustering of CVD risk factors in children and adolescents has important public health implications, as the risk factors tend to track into adulthood [3,4]. Thus, early identification of MetS in children and adolescents could help to prevent progression to adulthood CVD.…”

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