“…Typically, contractual claims are made to compensate for losses and expenses, liquidated damages, or time extensions (Hwang & Yang, 2014;Hansen et al, 2020;Kim & Skibniewski, 2020;Asadi et al, 2021). Construction projects frequently experience delays, which might result in potential losses for all stakeholders (Abdel-Khalek et al, 2019). As claims occur over various projects, claims associated with delays are the most wellknown, prominent, and popular (Assaf et al, 2017).…”