Preparation of nonleaching antimicrobial polypropylene wax and its application in polypropylene

Abstract

Antimicrobial polypropylene (PP) has been widely used. Its highly effective antimicrobial activities and nonleaching characteristics remain concerns. In this study, polypropylene wax (PPW) grafted with maleic anhydride was first prepared; this was followed by a melting reaction with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) to obtain antimicrobial PPW [polypropylene wax grafted with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PPW‐g‐PHMG)]. PPW‐g‐PHMG was then melt‐blended with PP to prepare antimicrobial PP. Fourier transform infrared spectra confirmed that PHMG was covalently bonded on the PPW chains, and transmission electron microscopy images showed a uniform distribution of PHMG in the PPW matrix. The resulting antimicrobial PP exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. The ring‐diffusion test further disclosed its nonleaching characteristics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44190.

Permanent antimicrobial silicone rubber based on bonding guanidine polymers

“…The inhibition zone test was adopted to investigate the diffuse of the antimicrobial agent. Agar plates were inoculated with 0.1‐mL E. coli suspension with concentration of 10 8 CFU/mL, and circular rubber pieces with 0.5 cm of radius were placed on the center.…”

“…In our previous work, we had prepared several long‐term antimicrobial polymeric materials, based on bonding polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG), which is a powerful antimicrobial agent with broad spectrum and high efficiency . The water‐soluble PHMG was grafted to hydrophobic polymers, such as polyethylene wax, cellulose fibers, and polypropylene wax, to prolong the antimicrobial effect.…”

Preparation and properties of antibacterial ABS plastics based on polymeric quaternary phosphonium salts antibacterial agents

“…For example, Chen prepared ABS/Ag composite through injection molding process. Although metal antibacterial agents have been widely studied and applied in commercial products for a long time, there are arguments that their action duration is poor, and the overuse of heavy metals may cause serious environmental pollution …”

“…With the aim to prepare long last antibacterial plastics, antibacterial molecules were graft on to the polymer backbone to prepare antibacterial master batch for plastic products. Wei prepared polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride grafted polypropylene wax and added into PP matrix as antibacterial master batch by melt blending, and PP with 3 wt% of grafted PP wax showed antibacterial rate of 95% against Escherichia coli . Liu introduced quaternary phosphonium salts structure into chloroprene rubber and applied into LDPE matrix through an extruder, and 7 wt% of antibacterial rubber could endow LDPE with antibacterial rate over 90% against E. coil and Staphylococcus aureus .…”

“…Although metal antibacterial agents have been widely studied and applied in commercial products for a long time, there are arguments that their action duration is poor, and the overuse of heavy metals may cause serious environmental pollution. 9,10 Organic antibacterial agents are considered to have better antibacterial properties and durability than inorganic agents, and they can be grouped into three types: (a) molecules with positive charge such as quaternary ammonium salts, [11][12][13] guanidine, 14,15 and N-haloamines [16][17][18] ; (b) nature biocide such as chitosan 19,20 ; and (c) antibiotic. 21,22 Unfortunately, nearly all of these organic molecules have poor thermal stability and will undergo pyrogenic decomposition easily in plastic processing, leading to the loss of the antibacterial property.…”