Preparation and properties of antibacterial styrene‐acrylic emulsion based on bis‐quaternary ammonium salt‐containing mono‐methacrylates as polymerizable antibacterial agents

Abstract

With the aim to prepare antibacterial styrene‐acrylic emulsion, a series of bis‐quaternary ammonium salt‐containing mono‐methacrylates MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16) were synthesized as polymerizable antibacterial agents via two steps. The chemical structures of MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16) were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and Critical micelle moncentration (CMC) results showed that MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16) had antibacterial properties and surface properties which was influenced by its alkyl chain length. The antibacterial emulsion (SAQx‐n) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of styrene (St), butyl acrylate (BA), acrylic acid (AA) and MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16). The structures of its films (SAQx‐n‐F) were characterized by attenuated total reflectance‐FTIR. The effects of MEQABr‐14 content or alkyl chain length of MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16) on emulsion and its films were investigated in the aspect of particle sizes, pencil hardness, adhesive force grade, thermal stabilities, surface morphology, particle morphology, and so forth. The films (SAQx‐9‐F) with 9 wt% content of MEQABr‐x(x = 12, 14, 16) showed the nearly 100% antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, indicating its potential to be used as antibacterial coating.

Design and Synthesis of Polyacrylamide Quaternary Ammonium Salt with Antibacterial Activity

“…Because of the amino group in the structure, acrylamine is easy to alkalize with halogens to form a quaternary ammonium salt structure, and its double bond can be used in polymerization [11][12][13] . Therefore, in this study, from the perspective of the development of quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agents, the first alkylation reaction of propylene amine and bromobutane containing a halogen to produce quaternary ammonium salt with unsaturated bond, and then further polymerization to synthesize polyquaternary ammonium salt.…”

Micelle Dynamic Reconstruction to Effectively Modulate the Transmission of Smart Windows

“…Micellization is a dynamic self-assembly phenomenon that occurs in solutions of amphiphilic molecules (surfactants), proteins, peptides, and block copolymers. − When the concentration of micelles is higher than the critical micelle concentration (cmc value) in aqueous solution, surfactants aggregate to form micelles spontaneously. − And the concentration and type of excess salt affect the micelle structure and property changes of ionic surfactants, the addition of excess salt will compress the surface and cause the bilayer to diffuse micelles around it. , Therefore, micelles have a highly dynamic character. In recent years, researchers have found promising applications of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (a typical ionic surfactant) micellar system by fully making use of temperature-dynamic character in the field of smart gel development. , It has higher tunable permeability and a faster response compared to VO 2 , , poly­( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogels, − polypyrrole, etc., but the dynamic change progress of the smart gels associated with the transmission of near-infrared light is not completely clear, which further hampers the regulation of optical properties of the smart gels.…”