Preparation of ITO Thin Films by Sol-Gel Process and Their Characterizations

Solution Processed Resistive Random Access Memory Devices for Transparent Solid-State Circuit Systems

“…shows the fabrication of the top layer. [7]. Two solutions were mixed after each had been stirred for 5 min.…”

On the structure and surface chemical composition of indium–tin oxide films prepared by long-throw magnetron sputtering

“…ITO thin films can be readily obtained by a variety of methods, such as sputtering [1][2][3], evaporation [4,5], pulsed laser deposition [6], chemical vapor deposition [7], and sol-gel deposition [8,9]. Of these methods, radio-frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering can be one of the most promising techniques for applications which require a reactive deposition of thin layers with good homogeneity and preferred crystalline orientation.…”

Stabilized Conversion Efficiency and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells from Beta vulgaris Pigment

“…In both cases, two peaks were found: one around 480 nm associated with the presence of betaxanthins, while the second one at 535 nm is attributed to the betanin. Absorbance peaks at 300 nm and 535 nm are characteristic for red violet betalain group, betacyanin [22], while for betaxanthins the characteristic peaks are at 280 nm and 480 nm [23]. As can be seen in Figure 1, the TEOS addition in the dye absorbance decreases 22% and 61% for betanin and betaxanthins respectively; in both cases, the solutions were prepared with 79.1 mg of powder dye in 50 mL of water, as explained in Section 3.2.…”