Preparation of anti-Sudan red monoclonal antibody and development of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Sudan red in chilli jam and chilli oil

Abstract

Sudan dyes are banned to be used in food additives because of the carcinogenicity of their metabolites. A rapid and sensitive indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to detect the residues of Sudan dyes. Novel immunogen and coating antigen were synthesized via glutaraldehyde linking. The hapten-bovine serum albumin (BSA) was applied as immunogen and the hapten-ovalbumin (OVA) was served as coating antigen. The monoclonal antibody obtained showed high sensitivity to Sudan I with an IC(50) value of 1.7 μg L(-1) in buffer and was suitable to detect the residues of Sudan red in food products. The specificity of the assay was studied by measuring cross-reactivity of the antibody with the structurally related compounds of Sudan II (<1%), Sudan IV (<1%) and para red (120%). Chilli jam and chilli oil samples spiked with Sudan dyes were analyzed by the method. The detection limit (LOD) of the ELISA method applied in chilli jam and chilli oil was 9.0 μg L(-1) and 19.6 μg L(-1), respectively. The recovery rates of Sudan-I in chilli oil and chilli jam were in the range of 80%-110% with coefficients of variation <25%. The intra-assay variation and inter-assay variation in buffer were both <9%.

Multi-determination of Para red and Sudan dyes in egg by a broad specific antibody based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

“…These substitutes influenced the recognition of the antibodies to the three dyes. Still, the crossreactivities for Sudan 2 and Sudan 4 were higher than the previous reported antibodies (Anfossi et al, 2009;Han et al, 2007;Ju et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Xu, Wei et al 2010;Xu, Zhang et al 2010).…”

“…Therefore, among the four combinations the best combination was combination 2 (PR-N-OA combining antibody R4) with crossreactivities in the range of 36%e108% and these results were better than the previous reports (Anfossi et al, 2009;Han et al, 2007;Ju et al, 2008;Wang et al, 2009;Xu, Wei et al 2010;Xu, Zhang et al 2010). The worst combination was combination 4 (PR-C-OA combining antibody R4).…”

“…This conception has been used to determine nitrofurans (Li, Liu, Zhang, Li, & Wang, 2010), fluoroquinolones (Wang et al, 2007) and sulfonamides (Franek, Diblikova, Cernoch, Vass, & Hruska, 2006). There have been several papers reporting ELISA method for the detection of these red dyes, but the antibodies were produced against the derivatives of S1 and the obtained antibodies could only recognize one (Han et al, 2007), two (Xu, Wei et al, 2010;Xu, Zhang et al 2010), three (Ju, Tang, Fan, & Chen, 2008Wang et al, 2009) or four of the six analytes (Anfossi, Baggiani, Giovannoli, & Giraudi, 2009). Furthermore, the crossreactivity of those antibodies for Sudan red G (SG) was not determined.…”

Accelerating microfluidic immunoassays on filter membranes by applying vacuum

“…From the curve in Fig. 4, we can calculate that the noise signal originated from concentration variation was 0.29 ng ml −1 , and the LOD was~1 ng ml −1 (3 × noise signal) which was the same as the LOD in well-plate assay (SI, Figure S3) or even lower than many established methods such as in well plate ELISA (1.7 ng ml −1 ) (Xu et al 2010) and HPLC (1.8 μg kg −1 , equivalent to 9 ng ml −1 ) (Long et al 2011). This LOD is repeatable with the same level in VAMI.…”

Towards SERS based applications in food analytics: Lipophilic sensor layers for the detection of Sudan III in food matrices

“…In recent years, it was demonstrated that immunosorbent assays [18][19][20][21] as well as electrochemical sensors based on voltammetric readout [22][23][24] can be applied for this analytical problem. Additionally, the applicability of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in combination with chemometric methods was presented [25,26].…”