Preparation of andalusite-corundum-KAlSi2O6 material for the calcination of Li-ion battery cathode materials

Ding, Dafei; Chen, Liugang; Liao, Guihua; Zheng, Lichun; Gao, Shuting; Ye, Guotian

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.05.229

Cited by 8 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…7,8 As a consequence, the obtained mullite−KAS 4 -based and andalusite−KAS 4 -based materials exhibit superior corrosion resistance against LNCM materials. 7,8 Because mullite and/or andalusite grains could also be involved in the in situ formation of KAS 4 , ceramic bonding can be generated between mullite and/or andalusite and KAS 4 , resulting in improved thermal and mechanical properties. 7,8 However, the mullite and andalusite employed in industry are either synthesized via sintering and/or electronic fusion at elevated temperatures using industrial/laboratorygrade reagents 9,10 or mined beforehand.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The detailed composite preparation procedure has been described in previous reports. 7,8 The obtained composites were ground into powders with a particle size of 0 to 1.0 mm for further corrosion tests and material preparation experiments.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,6−8 Based on the corrosion mechanism of refractory materials in contact with LNCM materials, KAlSi 2 O 6 (KAS 4 ), which shows excellent corrosion resistance against LNCM materials, 6 is commonly introduced in mullite-based and andalusite-based refractories. 7,8 KAS 4 is formed in situ and tightly wrapped around mullite and andalusite grains, thereby physically avoiding the direct contact of mullite/andalusite grains with LNCM precursors/materials. 7,8 As a consequence, the obtained mullite−KAS 4 -based and andalusite−KAS 4 -based materials exhibit superior corrosion resistance against LNCM materials.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 KAS 4 is formed in situ and tightly wrapped around mullite and andalusite grains, thereby physically avoiding the direct contact of mullite/andalusite grains with LNCM precursors/materials. 7,8 As a consequence, the obtained mullite−KAS 4 -based and andalusite−KAS 4 -based materials exhibit superior corrosion resistance against LNCM materials. 7,8 Because mullite and/or andalusite grains could also be involved in the in situ formation of KAS 4 , ceramic bonding can be generated between mullite and/or andalusite and KAS 4 , resulting in improved thermal and mechanical properties.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,8 Because mullite and/or andalusite grains could also be involved in the in situ formation of KAS 4 , ceramic bonding can be generated between mullite and/or andalusite and KAS 4 , resulting in improved thermal and mechanical properties. 7,8 However, the mullite and andalusite employed in industry are either synthesized via sintering and/or electronic fusion at elevated temperatures using industrial/laboratorygrade reagents 9,10 or mined beforehand. A high operating energy is thus needed, resulting in high CO 2 emission levels.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Coal Gangue to Prepare Refractory Saggars with Superior Corrosion Resistance and Thermomechanical Properties for the Calcination of Li-Ion Battery Cathode Materials

Ding

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Mullite (3Al2O3·2SiO2) is commonly used as the basic component to prepare refractory saggars for the calcination of Li-ion battery (LIB) cathode materials. Coal gangue, basically treated as aluminosilicate solid waste/tailings, could be used as the starting material to synthesize mullite at elevated temperatures. However, high operation energy and additional high-quality alumina sources are required in this process. In addition, mullite is prone to corrosion by LIB cathode materials, which remains a major challenge. The present work reports the design and fabrication of refractory powders with a core–shell structure comprising calcined coal gangue (CCG) and a layer of in situ-generated KAlSi2O6 (KAS4) around CCG grains. The obtained CCG–KAS4 powders with a core–shell structure exhibit superior corrosion resistance against the Li(Ni x Co y Mn z )O2 precursor/material during calcination compared with CCG or mullite. Materials prepared with CCG–KAS4 powders containing 4.2 and 8.4 wt % KAS4 possess better thermomechanical properties than those synthesized from mullite powders. This makes coal gangue a good candidate to prepare refractory saggars for the calcination of LIB cathode materials.

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