Preparation and up-conversion characterization of CaF2:Yb3+, Ho3+/BaF2:Yb3+, Ho3+ co-doped glasses and glass–ceramics

Nonlinear negative transmittance at a CW 980‐nm laser diodes pumping in Yb3+:CaF2 nanocrystals‐embedded glass ceramics

“…With the aim to investigate the crystallization thermodynamic processes, we put insight into the DTA analysis in the range 200°C–680°C of the glass and GCs. As shown in Figure B, the CaF 2 crystallization temperature is estimated to be 607°C . For annealing temperatures over 600°C, the CaF 2 crystallization peak had completely disappeared, indicating that all the CaF 2 had been crystallized in the GCs .…”

“…As shown in Figure 2B, the CaF 2 crystallization temperature is estimated to be 607°C. 21,22 For annealing temperatures over 600°C, the CaF 2 crystallization peak had completely disappeared, indicating that all the CaF 2 had been crystallized in the GCs. 23 Using these DTA profiles, a crystallization rate (R DTA ) of CaF 2 in the GCs can be calculated by 24…”