Preparation and evaluation of fouling-release properties of amphiphilic perfluoropolyether-zwitterion cross-linked polymer films

Bioinspired Durable Antibacterial and Antifouling Coatings Based on Borneol Fluorinated Polymers: Demonstrating Direct Evidence of Antiadhesion

“…As a representative, fluorinated polymers − have excellent self-cleaning, corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, and barrier properties, proposing bright prospects in marine antifouling. Undoubtedly, fluorine elements are evenly and orderly dispersed on the polymer surface to achieve excellent antifouling properties because of the low surface energy, and biofouling can be desorbed only by washing or shaking with seawater. , In addition, fluorinated polymers also possess excellent mechanical properties, , such as outstanding tear strength and superb puncture resistance, making them important coating materials.…”

Critical Amphiphilic Concentration: Effect of the Extent of Amphiphilicity on Marine Fouling-Release Performance

“…In this work, our goal was to carry out some preliminary experiments in this hitherto unexplored area to determine if there is an amount of amphiphilicity that results in desirable FR performance, hereafter referred to as the critical amphiphilic concentration (CAC). Besides, we envisioned, if illustrated true, this concept will be beneficial to other fields and applications where amphiphilicity has been investigated as a promising path such as medical devices − or anti-icing surfaces. − Therefore, to address this amphiphilicity question and limit the number of variables in this study, we synthesized a novel amphiphilic additive based on PDMS and PEG, and incorporated it in increasing amounts in a conventional polyurethane (PU) coating system, assessing the point where the PU system demonstrated the behavior of a FR PU system. We chose a simple PU system as the matrix rather than a highly hydrophobic matrix (e.g., silicone elastomer) so that the effect of the amphiphilic additive could be understood somewhat independently of the matrix polymer.…”

Transparent, Mechanically Strong, Amphiphilic Antibiofouling Coatings Integrating Antismudge and Intrinsic Self-Healing Capabilities

“…17,18 Different from hydrophilic materials, hydrophobic fluorinated polymers possess the characteristics of high surface hydrophobicity, high oil repellency, excellent thermal stability, good chemical stability, and low surface energy (10−20 mN• m −1 ). 19,20 DeSimone et al reduced the adhesion of algae and increased the fouling release rate by relying on the low surface energy and low adhesion of fluorinated polymers. 21−23 However, its hydrophobicity leads to some limitations in inhibiting protein adsorption.…”

“…The adhesion of these biofouling coatings occurs through multiple mechanisms, including chemical bonding, physical interaction, mechanical interlocking, and surface rearrangement . The adsorption of biofouling on the surface of functional materials will cause destructive effects in many applications, for example, in the fields of biosensing, , food packaging, , and medical implant materials. − The nonspecific protein adsorption caused by the interaction between proteins and surfaces is considered to be the initial event of biofouling and plays an important role in its subsequent formation process. ,, Eliminating the negative effects of protein adsorption is a great challenge, and the most convenient and effective method to achieve this goal is to introduce an antibiofouling coating. , Many researchers have reported the application of hydrophilic polymers (poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG) or oligo­(ethylene glycol) (OEG)) coatings for marine antibiofouling purposes. , Studies have shown that hydrophilic materials can firmly bind water through hydrogen bonds or ion solvation, which can effectively inhibit the adhesion of microorganisms. , Although PEG is the preferred hydrophilic material, it has the tendency to auto-oxidize and form aldehydes in the existence of oxygen or transition-metal ions, causing the surface to lose its antibiofouling ability, limiting its application in practice. , Different from hydrophilic materials, hydrophobic fluorinated polymers possess the characteristics of high surface hydrophobicity, high oil repellency, excellent thermal stability, good chemical stability, and low surface energy (10–20 mN·m –1 ). , DeSimone et al reduced the adhesion of algae and increased the fouling release rate by relying on the low surface energy and low adhesion of fluorinated polymers. − However, its hydrophobicity leads to some limitations in inhibiting protein adsorption. , …”