Bioinspired Durable Antibacterial and Antifouling Coatings Based on Borneol Fluorinated Polymers: Demonstrating Direct Evidence of Antiadhesion

Abstract

Substituting natural products for traditional poison-killing antifouling agents is an efficient and promising method to alleviate the increasingly serious ecological crisis and aggravate the loss due to marine biofouling. Herein, the successful synthesis of poly­(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate-co-hexafluorobutyl methacrylate-co-isobornyl methacrylate) copolymer (PBAF) with borneol monomers and fluorine by a free radical polymerization method is reported. The PBA0.09F coating exhibits outstanding antibacterial and antifouling activity, achieving 98.2% and 92.3% resistance to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and the number of Halamphora sp. adhesion is only 26 (0.1645 mm2) in 24 h. This remarkable antibacterial and antifouling performance is attributed to the incorporation of fluorine components into the copolymer, which induces a low surface energy and hydrophobicity and the complex molecular structure of the natural nontoxic antifouling agent borneol. In addition, the results showed that the contents of the adhesion-related proteins mfp-3, mfp-5, and mfp-6 were significantly reduced, which proved that natural substances affect the secretion of biological proteins. Importantly, the PBAF coating exhibits excellent environmental friendliness and long-term stability. The antifouling mechanism is clarified, and an effective guide for an environmentally friendly antifouling coating design is proposed.

Recent Progress on Bioinspired Antibacterial Surfaces for Biomedical Application

“…The most common approach to interfere with the s regulate the surface wettability, i.e., hydrophobicity or h example, the surface can be rendered hydrophobic by gr cules or infusing liquid lubricant, the result of the latter fused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) [60][61][62]. A novel SLIPS (butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) films i ether fluid−slippery poly (butyl methacrylate-co-ethylen strated to prevent different strains of the opportunistic p film formation for 7 days [63].…”

“…The most common approach to interfere with the surface–bacteria interaction is to regulate the surface wettability, i.e., hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity ( Figure 4 (Ai)). For example, the surface can be rendered hydrophobic by grafting low-surface-energy molecules or infusing liquid lubricant, the result of the latter being named slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) [ 60 , 61 , 62 ]. A novel SLIPS consisting of microporous poly (butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) films infused with the perfluoropolyether fluid−slippery poly (butyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) was demonstrated to prevent different strains of the opportunistic pathogen P. aeruginosa from biofilm formation for 7 days [ 63 ].…”

Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy Based on Borneol-Containing Polymer-Modified MXene Nanosheets

“…Borneol is a natural bicyclic monoterpene that has been widely used in antimicrobial materials due to its unique mechanism of cell membrane disruption and its chiral steric structure. − Unfortunately, the poor water solubility of borneol has severely limited its antimicrobial efficiency and its economic value as an antimicrobial agent. Recently, Yang et al demonstrated that α-(+)-borneol-poly­( N , N -dimethyl ethyl methacrylate) polymers can effectively induce the death of various pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), through synergistic interactions between protonated membrane-targeting side chains and the bacterial membrane-disruption mechanism of borneol.…”

Construction of antibacterial adhesion surfaces based on bioinspired borneol-containing glycopolymers

“…30 Studies on borneol-based polymers have shown effective prevention of bacterial adhesion. 31,32 As a result, it is a feasible strategy to combine glycopolymers and borneol-based polymers to develop a glycopolymer antibacterial surface with biocompatibility.…”