Preparation and evaluation of effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus of radiolabeled ampicillin‐loaded graphene oxide nanoflakes

Abstract

Ampicillin is a one of effective antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to label ampicillin-loaded graphene oxide nanoflake (AMP-GO) with Tc and evaluate of its in vitro binding to Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Firstly, ampicillin was loaded into graphene oxide nanoflake prepared. AMP-GO was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques, and the amount of loaded ampicillin onto GO was determined by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. AMP and AMP-GO were labeled with Tc using stannous chloride reducing agent. Labeling efficiency of Tc-AMP-GO was found to be 97.66 ± 2.06%. Tc-AMP-GO has higher binding efficiencies to both S. aureus and E. coli than Tc-AMP. Tc-AMP-GO could be promising candidate as agent infection nuclear imaging. Furthermore, in vivo studies of Tc-AMP-GO with infected rats are planned to be performed.

In vitro evaluation of 99mTc‐sultamicillin for infection imaging

“…aureus , compared with E . coli (Yurt et al., 2018). AMP, a semisynthetic β ‐lactam antibiotic, has been used widely in the treatment of human and animal E .…”

“…coli than of S . aureus (Yurt et al., 2018). The reason for the different uptake rates is thought to be due to less or more of the peptidoglycan structure in the cell outer membrane of gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria (Silhavy et al., 2010).…”

Investigation of radiolabelled chitosan nanoparticles bearing Cefpodoxime Proxetil, and in vitro antibacterial effect on Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli

“…In the study, Yurt et al performed in vitro bacterial binding studies on E. coli and S. aureus bacteria using radiolabeled Ampicillin and Ampicillin loaded graphene oxide nanoflakes. They showed that Ampicillin loaded nanoparticle has higher binding efficiency in both bacteria than Ampicillin [17]. Jamil et al investigated to cure of multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogens of cefazolin loaded chitosan nanoparticles.…”

“…Chitosan also inhibits enzyme activities and microbial growth [15]. In literature antibiotic loaded nanoparticles were labeled with radioisotope and their infection imaging potentials as a radiolabeled antibiotics were investigated [16,17]. Yurt et al investigated the potential of 99m Tc-ampicillin loaded graphene oxide nanoflakes for nuclear infection imaging as in vitro [17].…”

Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes

“…Moreover, accumulation and retention of GR nanoflakes in background tissue was low, with rapid renal clearance, suggesting that they could be used in theranostic drug design [166]. 99m Tc-labeled ampicillin-loaded GO nanoflakes showed higher binding efficiencies to both S. aureus and E. coli than 99m Tc-labeled free drug [167]. Absorption of visible light in the range of 400-700 nm by GO nanoflakes and GO-nucleobase composites can be utilized in light-emitting devices [168].…”