Preparation and evaluation of controlled-release formulations of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile

Connick, William J.; Bradow, Judith M.; Wells, W. N.; Steward, Kerry K.; Van, Thai K.

doi:10.1021/jf00125a067

Cited by 49 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…These soil particles occupied the granular surface and reduced the release rate of imidacloprid into paddy water as a result of previous findings. 3,10,17,25,26) Again, the covered soil particles play a role, as does the controlled release layer discussed previously. 24,27) This layer partly reduced the imidacloprid release rate in both treatments.…”

Section: Pesticide Behavior In Paddy Water and Paddy Surface Soilmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Soil particles covered the granule insecticide retarded diffusion process of pesticide to the aqueous phase. 3,10,17,25,26) Moreover, previous studies reported that soil particles may behave like a controlled release formulation because of their adsorption-desorption characteristics. 24,27) In addition to the controlled release formulation, this soil layer promoted a slower release rate in AS treatment; consequently, the low concentration of imidacloprid was found in AS treatment.…”

Section: Pesticide Behavior In Paddy Water and Paddy Surface Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9) The controlled release formulation has an advantage in reducing pesticide losses by leaching, evaporation, degradation, phytotoxicity, and the use and impact of pesticides on the environment. [10][11][12] With controlled release technology, the granular formulation can prolong pesticide effects, as well as increase the effectiveness of the product. 13) It has been studied intensively with herbicides [14][15][16] and insecticides with the new controlled release formulation and sandwich application technique, the Admire CR product could reduce its phytotoxicity to the rice crop and the degradation losses of the active ingredient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of formulations and treatment methods of nursery boxes applied with insecticide on the behavior of imidacloprid in rice paddy fields

2011

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The behavior of imidacloprid was investigated in two paddy plots with conventional release granular formulation and controlled release granular formulation corresponding to before transplanting (BT) treatment and at sowing (AS) treatment (14 days before transplanting) in nursery boxes, respectively. The maximum concentrations of imidacloprid were 30.2 mg/l and 3.0 mg/l in paddy water at 0.5 days after transplanting (DAT), and 278.4 mg/kg and 81.4 mg/kg in 1cm paddy surface soil at 1 DAT for BT and AS treatments, respectively. Dissipation of imidacloprid from paddy water and 1 cm paddy surface soil can be described by biphasic first-order kinetics in the water and single phase first-order kinetics in paddy soil. The half-lives (DT 50 ) of imidacloprid in BT and AS treatments were 2.0 days, 2.4 days during the first phase (7 days) in paddy water, and 12.7 days and 11.0 days in paddy soil, respectively. AS treatment with controlled release granular formulation had lower concentrations of imidacloprid in paddy water and surface soil and has the potential to pose a lower environmental risk than BT treatment with conventional release granular formulation.

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Section: Pesticide Behavior In Paddy Water and Paddy Surface Soilmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Pesticide Behavior In Paddy Water and Paddy Surface Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of formulations and treatment methods of nursery boxes applied with insecticide on the behavior of imidacloprid in rice paddy fields

2011

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“…It has been regarded as an excellent polysaccharide for drug delivery system due to its good properties such as nontoxicity, immunogenicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability [14][15][16][17]. However, pure alginate has its inherent drawbacks such as poor mechanical strength, uncontrolled degradation and extensive water uptake properties [18,19], which restrict its real applications [20]. It has been reported that amphiphilic alginate derivative modified by introducing the hydrophobic groups into the hydrophilic polysaccharide is not only a good candidate for the formation of nanoparticles, but also an effective way to enhance its affinity to the hydrophobic drug [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of amphiphilic alginate derivatives and electrospinning blend nanofibers: a novel hydrophobic drug carrier

et al. 2015

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As a kind of novel hydrophobic drug carrier materials, the drug-loaded nanofibers were successfully fabricated using amphiphilic alginate derivative (AAD) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by electrospinning method. The AAD was synthesized by amide linkage attachment of octylamine onto the carboxylic group of alginate, which was characterized by the means of elemental analysis, FT-IR spectrometer, 1 H NMR spectrometer and fluorescence measurement. Experimental results showed the amidation of alginate was successful, in which the degree of modification was 0.27 and the critical aggregation concentration in 0.15 mol/L aqueous NaCl solution was 0.43 mg/mL. The octyl groups of AAD could effectively make alginate chains flexible and enhance chain entanglements through the hydrophobic interactions between octyl groups. In contrast to sodium alginate (SA)/ PVA blend solutions, AAD/PVA blend solutions showed more excellent electrospinnability. Additionally, the different volume ratios of SA or AAD to PVA played an important role in the formation and morphology of the electrospun blend nanofibers. Although the amidation of alginate could not fundamentally alter the spinnability of alginate, the content of alginate in the blend nanofibers was appropriately increased. The new generated drug-loaded AAD/PVA (20/80) blend nanofibers exhibited relatively continuous and uniform nanofibers with the average diameter of 191.72 nm. Compared to the drug-loaded SA/PVA (20/80) blend nanofibers, the drug-loaded AAD/PVA (20/80) blend nanofibers presented a sustained release performance with the slow release of about 76 % k-cyhalothrin during the initial period of 10 h.

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“…Alginates have been used as matrices for controlled release of pesticides by several workers. Connick et al 3 described a series of alginate–kaolin‐based 2,6‐dichlorobenzonitrile CR formulations 3. In aquatic release experiments, the authors reported that the release of active ingredient became slower as the kaolin concentration was increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlled release of isoproturon from an alginate–bentonite formulation: water release kinetics and soil mobility

et al. 2000

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The herbicide isoproturon [3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea] was incorporated in alginate-based granules to obtain controlled-release (CR) properties. The basic formulation (sodium alginate (1.87%)±isoproturon (0.67%) in water) was modi®ed by addition of different sorbents. The effect on isoproturon release rate, modi®ed by the incorporation of natural and acid-treated bentonite in alginate formulation, was studied by immersion of the granules in water while shaking. The release of isoproturon was diffusion-controlled. The time taken for 50% of the active ingredient to be released into water, T 50 , was longer for those formulations containing added bentonite (5.98 and 7.43 days, for natural and acid-treated (1 M H 2 SO 4 ) bentonite, respectively) than for the preparation without bentonite (3.78 days). The mobilities of non-formulated technical grade (98%) and formulated isoproturon were compared using soil columns. The use of alginate-based CR formulations containing bentonite reduced isoproturon movement compared with the technical product. Sorption capacity of the soil for isoproturon was measured using batch experiments (0.29 litre kg À1 ) and the results obtained here in agreement with those obtained under dynamic conditions.

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Preparation and evaluation of controlled-release formulations of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Effect of formulations and treatment methods of nursery boxes applied with insecticide on the behavior of imidacloprid in rice paddy fields

Effect of formulations and treatment methods of nursery boxes applied with insecticide on the behavior of imidacloprid in rice paddy fields

Synthesis of amphiphilic alginate derivatives and electrospinning blend nanofibers: a novel hydrophobic drug carrier

Controlled release of isoproturon from an alginate–bentonite formulation: water release kinetics and soil mobility

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