Preparation and Characterization of Indium‐Doped Calcium Zirconate for the Electrolyte in Hydrogen Sensors for use in Molten Aluminum

Setiawan, Achmad Hanafi; Fergus, Jeffrey W.

doi:10.1002/9781118371039.ch6

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Dudek et al [6] reported the sensor properties of a CaZrO 3 -CaO-ZrO 2 system, obtained by different synthesis methods with subsequent thermal treatments at temperatures between 1000 and 1500°C. CaZrO 3 can be used as a semiconductor, with applications in high-temperature water sensors, photoluminescent emitter at 450 and 700 nm, solid electrolyte, proton conductor and photocatalytic material (for molecules such as rhodamine B) [5][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition, CaZrO 3 can be used in various areas due to its refractory character (melting point of 2340°C), relative high electrical permittivity and low dissipation factor [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Macedo

Souza

Santos

et al. 2018

Ceramics International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

CaZrO 3 nanoparticles were obtained by a new synthesis route: nucleation using the microwave-assisted hydrothermal method (MAH) and crystallization by heat treatment. Structural characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed for the synthesized material and after heat treatment at 700, 800, 900, 1000 and 1200°C. At 800°C, the lakargite phase crystallization (CaZrO 3) starts and portions of the non-stoichiometric calciumzirconium oxide phase were observed by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. A residual CaCO 3 phase was present in the untreated samples. At 1200°C, the well-crystallized stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric mixed oxide phases of CaZrO 3 (crystallites of about 75 nm) were observed, along with particle agglomerates often in the micrometer range. The synthesized material was subjected to differential thermal analysis, which revealed carbonate degradation at approximately 695°C, resulting in a small loss of mass of 6%. An endothermic reaction at 85°C was observed for water loss, where there was a considerable amount of energy involved. This result showed the sensitivity to moisture absorption and adsorption processes of the CaZrO 3 sample, obtained by the MAH route. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed the characteristic gap energies for the two phases, which were 2.9 (non-stoichiometric) and 4.9 eV (stoichiometric), values smaller than those obtained by usual synthesis routes.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Macedo

Souza

Santos

et al. 2018

Ceramics International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…CaZrO 3 is used as an 2 of 29 ionic conductor to manufacture solid electrodes for applications in various fuel cells [46]. Moreover, CZO is used also as a key element for different sensor types [47,48]. PbZrO 3 is a very fascinating perovskite, since it is the end point of the Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 alloy system, which is very interesting for numerous important applications in industry [49].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Systematic Tendencies in (001), (011) and (111) Surfaces Using B3PW as Well as B3LYP Computations of BaTiO3, CaTiO3, PbTiO3, SrTiO3, BaZrO3, CaZrO3, PbZrO3 and SrZrO3 Perovskites

Eglitis,

Jia

2023

Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We performed B3PW and B3LYP computations for BaTiO3 (BTO), CaTiO3 (CTO), PbTiO3 (PTO), SrTiO3 (STO), BaZrO3 (BZO), CaZrO3 (CZO), PbZrO3 (PZO) and SrZrO3 (SZO) perovskite neutral (001) along with polar (011) as well as (111) surfaces. For the neutral AO- as well as BO2-terminated (001) surfaces, in most cases, all upper-layer atoms relax inwards, although the second-layer atoms shift outwards. On the (001) BO2-terminated surface, the second-layer metal atoms, as a rule, exhibit larger atomic relaxations than the second-layer O atoms. For most ABO3 perovskites, the (001) surface rumpling s is bigger for the AO- than BO2-terminated surfaces. In contrast, the surface energies, for both (001) terminations, are practically identical. Conversely, different (011) surface terminations exhibit quite different surface energies for the O-terminated, A-terminated and BO-terminated surfaces. Our computed ABO3 perovskite (111) surface energies are always significantly larger than the neutral (001) as well as polar (011) surface energies. Our computed ABO3 perovskite bulk B-O chemical bond covalency increases near their neutral (001) and especially polar (011) surfaces.

show abstract

Low‐Temperature Synthesis of CaZrO₃ Powder from Molten Salts

Lee

Zhang

2007

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Calcium zirconate (CaZrO 3 ) powder was synthesized using calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ), sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ), and zirconia (ZrO 2 ) powders. On heating, CaCl 2 reacted with Na 2 CO 3 to form NaCl and CaCO 3 . NaCl-Na 2 CO 3 molten salts provided a liquid reaction medium for the formation of CaZrO 3 from in situ-formed CaCO 3 (or CaO) and ZrO 2 . CaZrO 3 started to form at about 7001C, increasing in amount with increasing temperature and reaction time, with a concomitant decrease in CaCO 3 (or CaO) and ZrO 2 contents. After washing with hotdistilled water, the samples heated for 5 h at 10501C were singlephase CaZrO 3 with 0.5-1.0 lm grain size.

show abstract

Preparation and Characterization of Indium‐Doped Calcium Zirconate for the Electrolyte in Hydrogen Sensors for use in Molten Aluminum

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Review of Systematic Tendencies in (001), (011) and (111) Surfaces Using B3PW as Well as B3LYP Computations of BaTiO3, CaTiO3, PbTiO3, SrTiO3, BaZrO3, CaZrO3, PbZrO3 and SrZrO3 Perovskites

Low‐Temperature Synthesis of CaZrO₃ Powder from Molten Salts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Preparation and Characterization of Indium‐Doped Calcium Zirconate for the Electrolyte in Hydrogen Sensors for use in Molten Aluminum

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis followed by heat treatment: A new route to obtain CaZrO3

Review of Systematic Tendencies in (001), (011) and (111) Surfaces Using B3PW as Well as B3LYP Computations of BaTiO3, CaTiO3, PbTiO3, SrTiO3, BaZrO3, CaZrO3, PbZrO3 and SrZrO3 Perovskites

Low‐Temperature Synthesis of CaZrO3 Powder from Molten Salts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Low‐Temperature Synthesis of CaZrO₃ Powder from Molten Salts