Preparation and characterization of flame retardant ABS/montmorillonite nanocomposite

XRD pattern of chitin based polyurethane bio-nanocomposites

“…Polylactide and polysaccharides are most promising candidates because they are made or come from naturally abundant products and are readily biodegradable (Ruiz-Hitzky, 2003). However, in order to render biopolymers able to compete with stronger and more ductile commodity polymers such as polyethylene or polypropylene, there is still a need to improve their properties including thermal stability, mechanical and barrier properties (Kawasumi, 2004;Wang et al, 2004). At this point it is noteworthy to point out that polymer-layer silicate nanocomposite (PLSNs) technology has already proven to be a good way to improve these properties significantly (Maiti, Nam, Okamoto, Hasegawa, & Usuki, 2002;Ray, Maiti, Okamoto, Yamada, & Ueda, 2002).…”

Alkyl ammonium intercalation of Mozambican bentonite

“…Well-dispersed nanoparticulate mineral particles can enhance properties of polymeric materials such as strength and stiffness, dimensional stability, flame retardancy, gas barrier properties, and UV stability (Ahmadi et al, 2005;Alexandre and Dubois, 2000;Fischer, 2003;LeBaron et al, 1999;Lee and Lee, 2004;Patel et al, 2007;Ray and Okamoto, 2003;Wang et al, 2004). The natural abundance of clay minerals in nearly pure mineralogical form, coupled with their inherently low processing costs, promises widespread future applications in the automotive, electronics, food packaging and biotechnology industries (Konta, 1995;Rehab and Salahuddin, 2005;Wang et al, 2004).…”

Polymer/Clay Nanocomposites

“…However detailed explanations implies that clay materials are beneficial for retarding the flame spread in developing fires and they not improve the ignition retardancy or control the fully developed fires (Livchik & Weil, 2000;Zanetti et al, 2002;Zanetti, 2006). Therefore the clay minerals are used together with a low fraction of conventional flame retardants (Wang et al, 2004). However the clay minerals and traditional flame retardants have considerable synergistic effect in the reduction of ignitability of polymers and various reports of organically modified clay nanocomposites combined with halogenated flame retardants (Weil et al, 1992;Wang et al, 2005) and phosphorous flame retardants (Zhang & Horrocks, 2003;Hao et al, 2006) were presented in literature.…”