Preparation and Characterization of Carvacrol Loaded Polyhydroxybutyrate Nanoparticles by Nanoprecipitation and Dialysis Methods

Abstract

In this investigation, preparation of carvacrol loaded polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) nanoparticles was performed by nanoprecipitation and dialysis methods. PHB particles were obtained by nanoprecipitation method without and with low concentration of Tween 80 or pluronic as surfactant. Nano- and micro-sized particles were formed with trimodal distribution and large aggregates. Size and distribution of nanoparticles were decreased when concentration of Tween 80 was increased to 1% (v/v) in water as polar phase. PHB nanoparticles had narrow size (157 nm) with monomodal distribution. Nanoparticles, which were prepared by dialysis method had 140 nm in diameter with monomodal distribution. Carvacrol was used as a lipophilic drug and entrapped in optimized nanoparticles formulation by nanoprecipitation and dialysis methods. Entrapment efficacy was 21% and 11%, respectively. Morphology of PHB nanoparticles was spherical. The results of kinetic release study showed that carvacrol was released for at least 3 days. Release kinetic parameters showed a simple Fickian diffusion behavior for both formulations. Carvacrol loaded PHB nanoparticles had good dispersion into the agar medium and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. This study describes the 1st work on loading of carvacrol into the PHB nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation and dialysis methods.

Development and characterization of geraniol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens

“…The MIC of nano-encapsulated geraniol was slightly higher 294 (0.25 wt.%) for S. Typhimurium than for E. coli O157:H7 (0.2 wt.%). Similar results were 295 observed with respect to difference in pathogen-specific MICs for cells exposed to 296 or lower counts of surviving microbial cells (Shakeri et al, 2014). Given these results, it is likely 319 that use of NPs described here in antimicrobial assays (Sections 2.7-2.9) would have produced 320 lesser observed antimicrobial activity versus those reported here utilizing 1.0:1.0 321 (geraniol:PF127)-made NPs.…”

Nano- and Micro-Particles by Nanoprecipitation: Possible Application in the Food and Agricultural Industries

“…This technique has several advantages compared with other methods, among which stand out the facility to develop nanoparticlesin in one step, A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 7 not much expense is involved, low electric power is required, and it is fast (3,4). On the other hand, emulsion-diffusion methods, emulsion-evaporation, and precipitation by salting-out need a precursor emulsion, while nanoprecipitation does not (66).…”

“…The nanoprecipitation method is a good option for the development of nanoparticles as nanospheres, having several advantages-the procedure takes only a short time, only a small amount of raw material is required, and it consumes a low amount of energy (3)(4)(5).…”

Advances in drug delivery systems based on synthetic poly(hydroxybutyrate) (co)polymers

“…P(R)-HB [93][94][95][96][97], and bacterial copolymers such as P(3HB-co-4HB) [98][99][100], PHBV [101][102][103] or PHBH and derivatives [104][105][106], have been used for the elaboration of self-assembled systems such as DDSs, tissue engineering scaffolds and implants [107][108][109][110]. Those polymers have been chosen for their biodegradability and biocompatibility.…”