Development and characterization of geraniol-loaded polymeric nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens

Abstract

24 This study demonstrates the rose essential oil component (EOC) geraniol can be loaded into 25 polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) with sustainable release profile. Geraniol-loaded NPs were 26 prepared by flash nanoprecipitation and characterized for size, encapsulation efficiency, payload 27 release during storage, inhibition of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica 28 Typhimurium in vitro and on spinach surfaces, and NP-assisted transport of EOC into cellular 29 membranes. Adjusting concentrations of stabilizing polymer, Pluronic® F-127, and geraniol 30 produced NPs ranging in size from 26 to 412 nm. Antimicrobial NPs inhibited S. Typhimurium 31 and E. coli O157:H7 growth at 0.25 and 0.2 wt.%, respectively. Geraniol-loaded NPs displayed 32 sustained release with a time constant of 24 hr, maintaining their anti-pathogenic properties over 33 a prolonged time period. Pathogen reductions on treated spinach surfaces ranged from 0.3 to 4.2 34 log 10 CFU/cm 2 . Antimicrobial NPs may be useful for post-harvest decontamination of foods such 35 as fresh produce from cross-contaminating microbial pathogens. 36 37

Geraniol-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles Inhibit Enteric Pathogens on Spinach during Posttreatment Refrigerated and Temperature Abuse Storage

“…Solutions were prepared in order to account for an expected 57% encapsulation efficiency for GPNs, previously reported for identically made nanoparticles (Yegin et al, 2016). This concentration was chosen based on data demonstrating pathogen minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (Yegin et al, 2016).…”

“…These results were reportedly achieved through greater delivery of plant compounds into aqueous media, while limiting interactions with food matrix components otherwise degrading antimicrobial activity (Mourtzinos et al, 2008;Liolios et al, 2009;Hill et al, 2013a). We previously demonstrated the entrapment of geraniol into polymeric nanoparticles resulted in cotransport of the lipophilic dye Nile Red and geraniol into E. coli O157:H7 membranes (Yegin et al, 2016). While free geraniol in the current experiment was able to inhibit the growth of pathogens, entrapment of plant EOCs provides for enhanced delivery of antimicrobial(s) to bacterial pathogenic and/or spoilage microbes for produce disinfection (Hill et al, 2013b;Zhang et al, 2014).…”

“…Nonetheless, application of unencapsulated and GPN-deployed geraniol both produced numerical reductions in pathogens versus FAC-treated samples. Furthermore, GPNs reduced pathogens to non-detectable counts (Table 5), indicating opportunity for nanoentrapped plant EOC to retain enhanced pathogen suppression capability versus FAC or unencapsulated plant antimicrobial through extended antimicrobial release (Gaysinsky et al, 2005(Gaysinsky et al, , 2007Yegin et al, 2016;Sarkar et al, 2017).…”

“…Additionally, Pluronic ® F-127 has gained FDA approval for biomedical applications (FDA, 2011). Nanoparticles possessed a sustained release profile, with enhanced delivery of the hydrophobic EOC into the outer membranes of targeted pathogens versus unencapsulated geraniol (Yegin et al, 2016).…”

Projeto E Validação De Um Reator Para a Síntese De Nanocápsulas Poliméricas Com Sistema De Ultrassom Simultâneo Acoplado

“…Geralmente, as nanocápsulas, mesmo preparadas através de diferentes métodos, apresentam diâmetros médios entre 100 e 300 nm (SCHAFFAZICK et al, 2002). YEGIN et al (2016) encontraram para nanocápsulas poliméricas contendo geraniol diâmetros de partículas que variam em tamanho de 26-412 nm, que estão de acordo com os resultados obtidos neste trabalho.…”