Preparation and characterization of a copper oxide nanoparticle-supported red-mud catalyst for liquid phase oxidation of ethyl benzene to acetophenone

Abstract

In this study, liquid phase oxidation of ethyl benzene to acetophenone was widely investigated using a new recyclable supported catalyst of CuO–nanoparticles impregnated over activated red–mud (CuO_AARM). The catalyst was...

TiO2 supported cobalt oxide for olefin epoxidation reaction – characterization, catalytic activities and mechanism – using a DFT model

“…The peak in the range 531.6–532.5 eV is commonly ascribed to the adsorbed H 2 O molecule. 20 In this context, Table 2 shows a summary of the data. The Ti (2p) XPS spectra show that both Ti (2p 3/2 ) and Ti (2p 1/2 ) peaks shifted slightly in the positive direction after Co-doping.…”

“…, abruptly) on the surface of the catalyst material, therefore, providing the requisite hydroxyl radical species to initiate the conversion process and subsequent over-oxidation environment. 20…”

“…Activation energy ( E a ), calculated at different temperatures, indicated that the oxidation rate does not affect the reactivity of the catalyst and hence the value represents quantitatively the monomolecular decomposition of the transition complex formed during the reaction process. 20…”

“…Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, is extensively used for the aggregation of different structures in micelle formation. 19,20 The chemical structure and concentration of surfactants are quite important to achieve the hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB). Here, the water-to-surfactant molar ratio, the inter-micellar exchange rate, the bulk organic solvent nature, the surfactant and co-surfactant nature, and the packing parameter may also control the stiffness of the reverse micelle film in the medium.…”

“…Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), a cationic surfactant, is extensively used for the aggregation of different structures in micelle formation. 19,20 The chemical structure and concentration of surfactants are quite important to achieve the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB). M.K.…”