Preoperative short-term parenteral administration of polyunsaturated fatty acids ameliorates intestinal inflammation and postoperative ileus in rodents

Wehner, Sven; Meder, Katharina; Vilz, Tim O.; Alteheld, Birgit; Stehle, Peter; Pech, Thomas; Kalff, Joerg C.

doi:10.1007/s00423-011-0862-z

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the intestinal tissue pathological scores in the FO + NEC group were much lower than those in the NEC group. Consistent with these findings, ω-3 PUFAs were earlier shown to ameliorate postoperative intestinal inflammation and dysmotility 24 . DHA administration was shown to attenuate activation of inflammasomes induced by macrophage-derived TNF-α 25 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Potential role of endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the protection of fish oil on neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis

Zhu

Cui

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) is a serious gastrointestinal disease with high death rate in premature infants. fish oil (fo) and its constituents have been shown to ameliorate intestinal inflammation and mucosal damage. However, the underlying mechanism of action is not known. In the present study, we divided Sprague-Dawley rats into three groups: control group, NEC model group, and FO pre-feeding+NEC model group. Briefly, one week before NEC modeling, in addition to being fed with milk, the FO pre-feeding+NEC modeling group was fed with FO, the NEC group was fed with saline, and the control group was only inserted a gastric-tube for 7 days. Subsequently, histological assay, Western blot, and ELISA were performed. Pretreatment with FO attenuated the NEC symptoms, alleviated intestinal pathological injury, and decreased the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, pretreatment with FO reduced the expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins, caspase-12, and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78). In addition, intestinal histopathological scores showed a significant positive correlation with intestinal expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and caspase-12. Collectively, these results indicate that ERS pathway might be involved in the effect of FO in alleviating intestinal mucosal inflammation and injury in rats with NEC Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal disease that affects premature infants and is associated with a high mortality rate. Various factors such as premature birth, formula feeding, intestinal ischemia, and bacterial colonization are known to activate the intestinal inflammatory response that ultimately induces NEC 1 . A variety of inflammatory factors such as platelet activating factor (PAF), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of NEC 2 . Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were found in infants with NEC 3 . During the process of NEC, TNF-α was shown to induce significant mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial apoptosis, which eventually led to apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells 4 . Recently, the anti-inflammatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid were shown to prevent NEC in premature infants 5 . Insulin-like growth factor I 6 and berberine 7 were shown to attenuate inflammation and ameliorate the clinical symptoms and progression of NEC. Taken together, the mechanism for alleviating NEC effectively is worthy of study.The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle with characteristic flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures. ER includes rough ER and smooth ER. Rough ER is studded with ribosomes and plays a role in protein synthesis, while the smooth ER is involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism. Harmful stimuli such as hypoxia, infection, oxidative stress, and harmful metabolites disrupt homeostasis in ER and cause ER dysfunction which further in...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Potential role of endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the protection of fish oil on neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis

Zhu

Cui

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Indeed, cellular eicosanoids profiles differed between patients that were perioperatively treated with different PUFA [74,75]. In a recent study, our group demonstrated that preoperative intravenous ω-3 PUFA application significantly ameliorated neutrophil influx and intestinal dysmotility after intestinal manipulation [76]. Gas chromatografical analyses confirmed that intestinal tissues as well as bone marrow cells demonstrated significant changes with an increase of supplemented PUFA reflecting the administered lipid emulsions.…”

Section: Immunomodulatory Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Immune mediators of postoperative ileus

Wehner

Vilz

Stoffels

et al. 2012

Langenbecks Arch Surg

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“…Recent meta-analyses show that enteral immunonutrition regimes, which include omega-3 supplements, may optimize recovery of patients who undergo elective surgery for GI cancer, especially when delivered in the perioperative period 12,13 , while some parenteral models of omega-3 supplementation have also shown beneficial effects 14,15 . In murine models a similar mixed picture exists, but in congruence with human models a majority of studies providing FO supplementation over periods of 5 days to 12 weeks display downstream resolution-favoring changes in mRNA expression of classical M1/M2 macrophage markers of maturation 16 , inflammatory cytokine and lipid profile [17][18][19] , efferocytosis 20 , and immune cell oxidative potency 6 , with additional reports indicating that oral FO takes 24-72 hours to induce beneficial metabolic effects 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%