Prenatal Biochemical and Ultrasound Markers in COVID-19 Pregnant Patients: A Prospective Case-Control Study

Cosma, Stefano; Carosso, Andrea; Borella, Fulvio; Cusato, Jessica; Bovetti, Marialuisa; Bevilacqua, Federica; Carosso, Marco; Gervasoni, Fiammetta; Sciarrone, Andrea; Marozio, Luca; Revelli, Alberto; Rolfo, Alessandro; Filippini, Claudia; Ghisetti, Valeria; Perri, Giovanni Di; Benedetto, Chiara

doi:10.3390/diagnostics11030398

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…12,13 However, at present writing, follow-up data have been obtained until mid-gestation and information on delivery is likely to be forthcoming in future reports. Consistent with our previous work, 14 in the present study, we did not find evidence of increased rate of fetal defects or abnormal fetal growth at delivery. Our previous and present findings may be reassuring for women exposed to SARS-CoV-2 infection during early pregnancy, as it does not appear to be associated with either an increased risk of early pregnancy loss 15 or subsequent complications such as preterm birth, preeclampsia or IUGR.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: A prospective comparative study

Cosma

Carosso

Cusato

et al. 2021

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Objective(s): This prospective observational cohort study aimed to evaluate whether women with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during the first trimester of pregnancy are at higher risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes compared to negative patients. Study Design: Seromolecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 was performed at 12, 16, 21 weeks, and at delivery; the cohort was then subdivided into a first-trimester SARS-CoV-2-positive (case) group and a SARS-CoV-2-negative (control) group. The primary outcome was a composite adverse obstetric outcome, defined as the presence of either abortion, preterm delivery, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth; and a composite measure of adverse neonatal events, including either 1-and 5-min Apgar score ≤ 7, neonatal intensive care unit admission and congenital birth defects. Maternal symptoms and antibody titer were secondarily assessed. Results: A total of 17 of 164 women tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (10.3%) in the first trimester. One SARS-CoV-2-positive patient who gave birth at another hospital was excluded. Composite adverse obstetric outcome was observed in 6.2% (1/16) SARS-CoV-2-positive and 10.5% (11/105) SARS-CoV-2-negative women; composite adverse neonatal outcome in 12.5% (2/16) and 7.6% (8/105), respectively. In the newborns of women who had developed IgG antibodies, the same antibodies were detected in arterial cord blood and the nasopharyngeal swab tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. No maternal pneumonia or hospital admission due to coronavirus disease-19 were recorded. Conclusion: Asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic women during the first trimester of pregnancy did not experience significantly more adverse events than SARS-CoV-2-negative women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: A prospective comparative study

Cosma

Carosso

Cusato

et al. 2021

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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“…Another case in group B was diagnosed with cleft lip and cleft palate without any other gross anomalies, which is the most common fetal craniofacial malformation that is screened during prenatal ultrasonographic examination [ 19 ]. Cosma’s research group found that asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection during the first trimester of pregnancy did not predispose affected women to more fetal anomalies than unaffected women [ 20 ], and Rosen and his coworkers also confirmed the same results on the first and second trimester with no significant adverse neonatal outcome [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of fetal growth and anomalies in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: an Egyptian pilot study

Eltemamy

Salama

Salem

et al. 2021

Middle East Fertil Soc J

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Background Many issues need to be studied regarding pregnant women during the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess fetal growth, fetal well-being, and any observed gross anomalies that may follow SARS-CoV-2 infection in Egyptian pregnant women. During fetal anomaly scan at 22 weeks, we compared 30 pregnant women with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection at 6‑12 weeks of gestation (group A) with 60 pregnant women (group B) who had no history of SARS-CoV-2. Then, we followed them on 28 and 34 weeks of gestation with fetal biometry and Doppler study. Results Our results revealed no significant difference between both groups regarding fetal biometry, estimated fetal weight, amniotic fluid index, Doppler scan, and gross anomaly scan throughout all visits. Conclusion According to the results of our pilot study, SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy was not found to increase the risk of fetal growth restriction or possible fetal gross anomalies. Nevertheless, larger-scale studies are needed to confirm those findings. Perhaps, post-SARS-CoV-2 infection pregnancies may run an uncomplicated course regarding fetal parameters.

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“…At present, the extent to which the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs and the timing of such transmission are unclear. Although SARS-CoV-2 intrapartum transmission is possible [2], low incidence rates of in utero transmission [3][4][5][6] and early and late adverse obstetric outcomes [7,8] suggest that the placenta may play a critical role in modulating maternal response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The main variable is placental permissibility to SARS-CoV-2 entry mechanisms initiated by spike protein (S) attachment to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Placental Anti-Oxidant Response in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Third-Trimester Pregnancies

et al. 2022

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Despite Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) -induced Oxidative Stress (OxS) being well documented in different organs, the molecular pathways underlying placental OxS in late-pregnancy women with SARS-COV-2 infection are poorly understood. Herein, we performed an observational study to determine whether placentae of women testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 during the third trimester of pregnancy showed redox-related alterations involving Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) antioxidant enzymes as well as placenta morphological anomalies relative to a cohort of healthy pregnant women. Next, we evaluated if placental redox-related alterations and mitochondria pathological changes were correlated with the presence of maternal symptoms. We observed ultrastructural alterations of placental mitochondria accompanied by increased levels of oxidative stress markers Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) and Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 α (HIF-1α) in SARS-CoV-2 women during the third trimester of pregnancy. Importantly, we found an increase in placental CAT and SOD antioxidant enzymes accompanied by physiological neonatal outcomes. Our findings strongly suggest a placenta-mediated OxS inhibition in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, thus contrasting the cytotoxic profile caused by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).

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Prenatal Biochemical and Ultrasound Markers in COVID-19 Pregnant Patients: A Prospective Case-Control Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: A prospective comparative study

Obstetric and neonatal outcomes after SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the first trimester of pregnancy: A prospective comparative study

Assessment of fetal growth and anomalies in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: an Egyptian pilot study

Increased Placental Anti-Oxidant Response in Asymptomatic and Symptomatic COVID-19 Third-Trimester Pregnancies

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