Premenstrual syndrome: From etiology to treatment

Milewicz, Andrzej; Jędrzejuk, Diana

doi:10.1016/j.maturitas.2006.06.016

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

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“…1) American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) mentioned that this syndrome is at least accompanied with an emotional or a physical symptom that occurs before menstruation and after its initiation, the symptoms may disappear without any pharmacological intervention [18] [19].…”

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confidence: 99%

The Prevalence and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome under Examination

Naeimi¹

2015

JBM

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Introduction: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder in childbearing age. Based on different definitions, it is accompanied with specific annoying symptoms that clearly emerge after ovulation and decrease or end with the onset of menstruation. Methods: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in university students of Sistan and Baluchestan University (Iran) in the academic year 2013-2014. Two hundred and one female university students living in dormitories were randomly selected. The subjects completed two questionnaires of Demographic Information and Symptom Assessment based on the criteria of ACOG and DSM-IV. Results: According to the mentioned criteria, "36.3%" of subjects suffered from Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and "85.6%" of subjects indicated the symptoms of PMS. The severity of PMS in 14(%7) subjects was high. Of 86 and 72 subjects "42.8%" and "35.8%" was moderate respectively, it was mild. Among university students, the most common mood symptom (emotional) and somatic symptom (physical) were fatigue and lethargy and abdominal pain ("72.6%" and "62.7%", respectively). PMS was significantly related to dysmenorrhea and severity of menstrual pain (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of this syndrome and its effect on various aspects of life, we highly recommend informing young individuals through books, workshops and media in order to identify the symptoms, provide information about methods of control and treatment of this syndrome, and apply non-interventional treatments and methods to reduce the symptoms.

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The Prevalence and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome under Examination

Naeimi¹

2015

JBM

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“…Embora em outro estudo, realizado com atletas de futsal (18) , tenha sido observada prevalência semelhante (47,32%) à do presente estudo (48%), essa alta prevalência poderia não ser esperada em atletas, uma vez que o exercício físico é indicado como um dos tratamentos não farmacológicos para SPM (5,8,19) . Apesar de ainda não se ter muito claras quais as possíveis explicações dos benefícios do exercício físico para a saúde mental (20) , sabe-se que este apresenta um papel importante na redução de certos transtornos de humor (21,22) .…”

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“…Somente nos casos onde os sintomas ocorrem na fase pré-menstrual e apresentam influência decididamente negativa no funcionamento físico, psicológico e social da mulher, com consequente redução da sua qualidade de vida, é que podem fazer parte da Síndrome Pré-Menstrual (SPM) ( ² ) . A SPM pode ser definida como a ocorrência cíclica de sintomas físicos e emocionais, incômodos e persistentes, durante o período pré-menstrual, que retrocede durante a menstruação e apresenta uma fase assintomática no período pós-menstrual (3,4,5) . Talvez pela influência do componente psicológico e por não apresentar nenhum padrão de referência biológico para validar diferentes definições de SPM, ainda não exista um consenso a respeito de critérios diagnósticos para SPM (4,6,7) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Talvez pela influência do componente psicológico e por não apresentar nenhum padrão de referência biológico para validar diferentes definições de SPM, ainda não exista um consenso a respeito de critérios diagnósticos para SPM (4,6,7) . Estudos (5,8) têm sugerido as recomendações do American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (3) , que caracterizam SPM como a presença de pelo menos um sintoma emocional e um sintoma físico durante o período pré-menstrual, com um período assintomático na fase folicular e que interfira acentuadamente nas atividades diárias das mulheres.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Prevalência de síndrome pré-menstrual em atletas

Gaion

Vieira

2010

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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RESUMOA síndrome pré-menstrual (SPM) é um conjunto de sintomas emocionais e físicos que afeta negativamente as atividades diárias das mulheres durante o período pré-menstrual. Embora seja um tema bastante estudado na população em geral, existe uma lacuna na literatura a respeito da presença de SPM em atletas. Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi analisar a prevalência de SPM em atletas. Foi desenvolvido um estudo do tipo inquérito, com 57 atletas, com idade entre 18 e 47 anos, de 11 modalidades esportivas. Para identificar a presença de SPM, utilizou-se uma ficha autoaplicável baseada nos critérios do American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG, 2000); a confirmação diagnóstica foi feita através do preenchimento de um diário de sintomas durante dois ciclos menstruais consecutivos (baseado no ACOG, 2000). Para análise dos dados utilizou-se teste de Shapiro-Wilk e teste exato de Fisher, adotando P < 0,05. A prevalência de SPM estimada de forma retrospectiva foi de 68%, enquanto a avaliada pelo acompanhamento com os diários foi de 48%. Mastalgia, explosão de raiva, ansiedade e irritabilidade foram os sintomas mais citados. Foram observadas associações significativas entre SPM e volume de treinamento semanal (P = 0,041), número de sintomas totais (P < 0,0001), número de sintomas físicos (P = 0,004), mastalgia (P = 0,028) e desconforto abdominal (P = 0,015). A prevalência de SPM em atletas foi considerada alta e a análise retrospectiva a superestimou em relação ao acompanhamento diário. A alta prevalência, bem como a associação entre SPM e maior volume de treinamento semanal, instiga que o treinamento esportivo pode ter algum impacto na prevalência de SPM em atletas.Palavras-chave: tensão pré-menstrual, ciclo menstrual, desempenho esportivo, menstruação. ABSTRACTThe premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a set of emotional and physical symptoms that adversely affects the daily activities of women during the pre-menstrual period. Despite being a theme quite discussed in the general population, there is still a gap in the literature concerning the presence of PMS in athletes. Thus, the objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence of PMS in athletes. An inquiry study with 57 athletes age range of 18 and 47 years from 11 sport modalities was developed. A self-applicable sheet based on the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria (ACOG, 2000) was used to identify the presence of PMS ; the diagnostic confirmation was performed through the answer of a symptoms diary during two consecutive menstrual cycles (based on ACOG, 2000). Shapiro Wilks test and Fisher's exact test, adopting a P<0.05 were used for the data analysis. The prevalence of PMS retrospectively estimated was of 68% while the estimated prevalence through the follow-up with the diaries was of 48%. Breast soreness, anger burst, anxiety and irritability were the mostly frequent mentioned symptoms. Significant associations were observed between PMS and weekly training volume (P = 0.041), total amount of symptoms (P < 0,0001), amou...

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“…Menstrual cycle is a process associated with significant changes in hormonal status and behavior [15]. It is, therefore, not surprising that hormone variations occurred during the cycle has been found to be associated to a psychophysical variation and sensitivity to noxious stimuli [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Activities and Pressure Pain Threshold in Oral Contraceptives Users and Nonusers

Túrcio

Garcia²,

Zuim³

et al. 2014

PST

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The aim is to evaluate the influence of oral contraceptive intake and menstrual cycle on the electrical activity and pressure pain threshold from anterior temporal and masseter muscles. Twenty-eight women on reproductive age were selected, 13 OC users and 15 nonusers. They were weekly submitted to electromyography and algometry of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles during three consecutive menstrual cycles. Electrical activities at rest position and PPTs of temporal and masseter muscles were not affected by menstrual cycle or by OCs uses. Comparison between groups demonstrated that working side electrical activity was increased in OC users in both muscles, except during lutheal phase for the anterior temporal. However, comparison within weeks did not demonstrate statistical difference. It was suggested that, in healthy women, oral contraceptive use may influence electrical activity, but different phases of the cycle may not.

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Premenstrual syndrome: From etiology to treatment

Cited by 43 publications

References 32 publications

The Prevalence and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome under Examination

The Prevalence and Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome under Examination

Prevalência de síndrome pré-menstrual em atletas

Electrical Activities and Pressure Pain Threshold in Oral Contraceptives Users and Nonusers

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