Tooth avulsion is common in children, and emergency management in these cases is critical. This management can be made, not only by a dentist but by people who are present where the accident occurs. Consequently, knowledge of tooth avulsion is fundamental for school professionals working with children. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge of tooth avulsion of school professionals from Adamantina, São Paulo, Brazil. For that purpose a questionnaire, including questions regarding emergency procedures for tooth avulsion, was answered by 117 teachers. The results demonstrated that 75.2% of school professionals knew the importance of emergency management and 60.6% would look for a dentist for treatment of the cases; 18.8% would reimplant the tooth and 7.6% would keep it in milk. This study showed the lack of knowledge of teachers on tooth avulsion; educational campaigns are necessary to improve the emergency management of tooth avulsion.

This systematic review aimed to investigate whether intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) are better than other drugs used in temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis, for the improvement of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptoms. Two independent reviewers performed an electronic search of the MEDLINE and Web of Science databases for relevant studies published in English up to March 2016. The key words used included a combination of 'hyaluronic acid', 'viscosupplementation', 'intra-articular injections', 'corticosteroids', or 'non steroidal anti inflammatory agents' with 'temporomandibular disorder'. Selected studies were randomized clinical trials and prospective or retrospective studies that primarily investigated the application of HA injections compared to other intra-articular medications for the treatment of TMD. The initial screening yielded 523 articles. After evaluation of the titles and abstracts, eight were selected. Full texts of these articles were accessed and all fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Intra-articular injections of HA are beneficial in improving the pain and/or functional symptoms of TMDs. However, other drug therapies, such as corticosteroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug injections, can be used with satisfactory results. Well-designed clinical studies are necessary to identify an adequate protocol, the number of sessions needed, and the appropriate molecular weight of HA for use.

Patients who have maxillectomy can be rehabilitated with reconstructive surgery or obturator prostheses with or without osseointegratable implants. To identify studies on possible treatments in this group, we systematically searched the Scopus, Embase, PubMed/Medline, and Cochrane databases to collect data on patients' characteristics, radiotherapy, and results related to speech, swallowing, mastication or diet, chewing, aesthetics, and quality of life. Of the 1376 papers found, six were included, and one other was included after an additional search of references. A total of 252 patients were included, and of them, 86 had reconstructive surgery, 91 were treated with obturator prostheses, 39 had reconstructive surgery or obturator prostheses associated with implants, and 36 had reconstruction plus an obturator prosthesis. Data on radiotherapy were incomplete. There is a lack of consensus about the indication for rehabilitation, as the treatment must be based on the individual characteristics of each patient.

PURPOSE. The aim was to evaluate the effect of four acidic beverages on the roughness (Ra) and color change (ΔE ab) of two brands of artificial teeth and a heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HPAR) for use in a prosthetic base. MATERIALS AND METHODS. All materials were divided into 5 groups, according to the used acidic beverage (artificial saliva-control, red wine, orange juice, coke-based, and lemon juice-based soft drink). The immersion process was divided into two stages: T1-immersion in the acidic solutions for 10 minutes for 14 days; T2-after T1, the samples were immersed in grape juice for 14 days. The Ra of the samples was evaluated in a rugosimeter and the ΔE ab in a spectrophotometer, before and after the immersions. The analysis of variance of one (ΔE ab) and two factors (Ra) and Tukey were performed (α=.05). RESULTS. There was a statistical difference for roughness after immersion (T1) for Trilux and Tritone teeth, regardless of the acid solution. For Trilux teeth, all acid solutions increased Ra (P<.05). For Tritone teeth, only the coke-based soft drink did not statistically change Ra. Grape juice (T2) altered Ra only of artificial teeth (P<.05). The color was changed for all materials, after T1 and T2. CONCLUSION. In general, the acidic solutions changed the Ra and ΔE ab of HPAR and artificial teeth after T1. The grape juice altered the roughness only of the artificial teeth, promoting a clinically acceptable color change in the materials.

The purpose of this study was to present a literature review about photoelasticity, a laboratory method for evaluation of implants prosthesis behavior. Fixed or removable prostheses function as levers on supporting teeth, allowing forces to cause tooth movement if not carefully planned. Hence, during treatment planning, the dentist must be aware of the biomechanics involved and prevent movement of supporting teeth, decreasing lever-type forces generated by these prosthesis. Photoelastic analysis has great applicability in restorative dentistry as it allows prediction and minimization of biomechanical critical points through modifications in treatment planning.

The effect of Microcurrent Electrical Nerve Stimulation (MENS) was evaluated and compared with occlusal splint therapy in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients with muscle pain. Twenty TMD patients were divided into four groups. One received occlusal splint therapy and MENS (I); other received splints and placebo MENS (II); the third, only MENS (III) and the last group, placebo MENS (IV). Sensitivity derived from muscle palpation was evaluated using a visual analogue scale. Results were submitted to analysis of variance (p<0.05). There was reduction of pain level in all groups: group I (occlusal splint and MENS) had a 47.7% reduction rate; group II (occlusal splint and placebo MENS), 66.7%; group III (MENS), 49.7% and group IV (placebo MENS), 16.5%. In spite of that, there was no statistical difference (analysis of variance / p<0.05) between MENS and occlusal splint therapy regarding muscle pain reduction in TMD patients after four weeks.

Pain level decreased and bite force increased in the molar region after treatment. No strong correlation or dispersion in the relationship between pain levels and bite force was seen in women with myofascial pain and bruxism.

Mouth rehabilitation with removable complete dentures decreased oral discomfort and, depending on the oral function, decreased or increased EMG activity of the orbicularis oris muscle. In addition, the lower fascicle was more active than the upper fascicle during rest and most functional activities.