Preliminary evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of PMMA-co-EHA bone cement

Almeida, Tânia; Ferreira, B.J.M. Leite; Loureiro, João; Correia, Raquel; Santos, Conceição

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2010.12.020

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To investigate the effects of bone cement extract, four treatment groups were studied: an undiluted capsule‐free PMMA extract; undiluted capsule‐embedded PMMA extract (10 wt % capsules); and capsule‐embedded PMMA extract (10 wt % capsules) diluted to 50 and 25% using fresh media . To investigate the effects of OCA extract, three treatment groups were studied: OCA extract diluted to 50, 25, and 10% using fresh media .…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Bone cements are also subject to cytotoxicity and tissue compatibility standards. Primary toxicity concerns associated with PMMA‐based bone cements include localized cell death because of the exothermic reaction of the MMA and leaching of residual monomer from the matrix . An estimated 3–5% of the MMA remains 15 min post‐polymerization and is reduced to about 1–2% over time as the residues are eliminated through the bloodstream .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

2013

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The water-reactive tissue adhesive 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (OCA) was microencapsulated in polyurethane shells and incorporated into Palacos R bone cement. The tensile and compressive properties of the composite material were investigated in accordance with commercial standards, and fracture toughness of the capsule-embedded bone cement was measured using the tapered double-cantilever beam geometry. Viability and proliferation of MG63 human osteosarcoma cells after culture with extracts from Palacos R bone cement, capsule-embedded Palacos R bone cement, and OCA were also analyzed. Incorporating up to 5 wt % capsules had little effect on the compressive and tensile properties of the composite, but greater than 5 wt % capsules reduced these values below commercial standards. Fracture toughness was increased by 13% through the incorporation of 3 wt % capsules and eventually decreased below the toughness of the capsule-free controls at capsule contents of 15 wt % and higher. The effect on cell proliferation and viability in response to extracts prepared from capsule-embedded and commercial bone cements were not significantly different from each other, whereas extracts from OCA were moderately toxic to cells. Overall, the addition of lower wt % of OCA-containing microcapsules to commercial bone cement was found to moderately increase static mechanical properties without increasing the toxicity of the material.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

2013

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“…We observed at exposure time of 24 hours less cell viability (74 ± 13%) when compared to other periods, up to 100% [34,35]. This could be due to a residual concentration of EtO present in the PLA after sterilization which could be diffused in the DMEM in Figure 7 shows the progress of adhesion and cell proliferation evaluated on the membrane in the time period evaluated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Biocompatibility Assessment of Poly(lactic acid) Films after Sterilization with Ethylene Oxide in Histological Study In Vivo with Wistar Rats and Cellular Adhesion of Fibroblasts In Vitro

Savaris

Braga

Santos

et al. 2017

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Biomaterials must meet certain fundamental requirements for their usage in living beings, such as biocompatibility, bifunctionality, and sterilizability, without having chemical and structural changes. The biocompatibility of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) films, shaped by compression, was evaluated after sterilization by ethylene oxide by a histological in vivo test with Wistar rats and cytotoxicity in cell adhesion in vitro. The cytotoxicity test was performed by the reduction of tetrazolium salt (MTT). Thermal and chemical changes in PLA films concerning the proposed sterilization process and characteristics were not observed to evidence polymer degradation due to sterilization. The analysis of the cytotoxicity by the MTT method has shown that the sterilized PLA films are not cytotoxic. The adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts on PLA films were homogeneously distributed over the evaluation period, showing an elongated appearance with unnumbered cytoplasmic extensions and cell-cell interactions. By examining the biocompatibility in a histological study, a mild tissue inflammation was observed with the presence of fibrosis in the samples that had been exposed for 21 days in the rats' bodies. PLA films sterilized with ethylene oxide did not exhibit cell adhesion in vitro and toxicity to the surrounding tissue in vivo and they may be used in future in vivo testing, according to histological findings in Wistar rats in the present study.

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“…To investigate a time-dependent release of toxic by-products, the individual media were withdrawn after 1, 6, 12, and 24 h and replaced by fresh medium. Recent studies assessing the cytotoxicity of PMMA-based materials reported the use of 6.25-100% extracts 43,44 . In this study, the extracts were sterilized by filtration using a 0.2 µm pore membrane, and were tested undiluted (100% extract), diluted 4-fold (25% extract) and diluted 10-fold (10% extract).…”

Section: Cytotoxicity Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of bone-compliant, linoleic acid-modified bone cement in a bovine model

López

Mestres

Ott

et al. 2014

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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PostprintThis is the accepted version of a paper published in Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. This paper has been peer-reviewed but does not include the final publisher proofcorrections or journal pagination. Citation for the original published paper (version of record):López, A., Mestres, G., Karlsson Ott, M., Engqvist, H., Ferguson, S. et al. (2014) Compressive mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of bone-compliant, linoleic acidmodified bone cement in a bovine model. Journal of The Mechanical AbstractAdjacent vertebral fractures are a common complication experienced by osteoporosis patients shortly after vertebroplasty. Whether these fractures are due to the bone cement properties, the cement filling characteristics or to the natural course of the disease is still unclear. However, some data suggests that such fractures might occur because of an imbalance in the load distribution due to a mismatch between the elastic modulus (E) of the bonecement composite, and that of the vertebral cancellous bone. In this study, the properties of bone-compliant linoleic acid-modified bone cements were assessed using a bovine vertebroplasty model. Two groups of specimens (cementonly and bone-cement composites), and four subgroups comprising bone cements with elastic moduli in the range of 870-3500 MPa were tested to failure in uniaxial compression. In addition, monomer release as well as time and concentration-dependent cytocompatibility was assessed through the cement extracts using a Saos-2 cell model.Composites augmented with bone-compliant cements exhibited a reduction in E despite of their relatively high bone volume fraction (BVF). Moreover, a significant positive correlation between the BVF and E for the composites augmented with 870 MPa modulus cements was found. This was attributed to the increased relative contribution of the bone to the mechanical properties of the composites with a decrease in E of the bone cement. The use of linoleic acid reduced monomer conversion resulting in six times more monomer released after 24 hours. However, the cytocompatibility of the bone-compliant cements was comparable to that of the unmodified cements after the extracts were diluted four times. This study represents an important step towards introducing viable bone-compliant bone cements into vertebroplasty practice.

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Preliminary evaluation of the in vitro cytotoxicity of PMMA-co-EHA bone cement

Cited by 15 publications

References 23 publications

Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Biocompatibility Assessment of Poly(lactic acid) Films after Sterilization with Ethylene Oxide in Histological Study In Vivo with Wistar Rats and Cellular Adhesion of Fibroblasts In Vitro

Compressive mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of bone-compliant, linoleic acid-modified bone cement in a bovine model

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