Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Brochu, Alice B. W.; Evans, Gregory A.; Reichert, William M.

doi:10.1002/jbm.b.32994

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Table 1 lists the average diameters and shell thicknesses of the capsules prepared in these studies. These results were consistent with previously reported data on capsule fabrication [10, 13]. …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This observation was expected as we already reported that 5wt% capsular content was the upper limit for acceptable PMMA bone cement compression, tension, and fracture toughness properties [13]. Interestingly, the bending modulus E remained nearly constant regardless of capsule content in OCA and No OCA samples (Figure 2B).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Rectangular specimens were prepared as described for the bending tests. Based on the current bending test results, and on previous studies of the static mechanical properties of capsule-containing PMMA samples [13], three types of specimens were employed for fatigue tests: capsule-free specimens (0wt%), specimens containing 5wt% OCA-filled capsules (5wt% OCA), and specimens containing 5wt% capsules that contained no OCA (5wt% No OCA).…”

Section: Microcapsules Incorporation Into Bone Cement Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently we characterized the tension, compression, fracture toughness, and cytotoxicity of the bone cement embedded with OCA-containing microcapsules using ASTM and ISO standards [13]. Results showed that 5 wt% was the maximum capsule content that could be used in the bone cement while still adhering to commercial requirements and reported values for sample stiffness, strength, and fracture toughness (5 wt% is a typical maximum capsule content used in the SHM field [14, 15]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results showed that 5 wt% was the maximum capsule content that could be used in the bone cement while still adhering to commercial requirements and reported values for sample stiffness, strength, and fracture toughness (5 wt% is a typical maximum capsule content used in the SHM field [14, 15]). Furthermore, the addition of OCA-containing capsules to the matrix was not found to affect the viability and proliferation of MG63 human osteosarcoma cells in elution cytotoxicity testing [13]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended fatigue life of a catalyst free self‐healing acrylic bone cement using microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

et al. 2014

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The tissue adhesive 2-octyl cyanoacrylate (OCA) was encapsulated in polyurethane microshells and incorporated into bone cement to form a catalyst free, self-healing bone cement comprised of all clinically approved components. The bending strength, modulus, and fatigue lifetime were investigated in accordance with ASTM and ISO standards for the testing of PMMA bone cement. The bending strength of bone cement specimens decreased with increasing wt% capsules content for capsules without or with OCA, with specimens of < 5 wt% capsule content showing minimal effect. In contrast, bone cement bending modulus was insensitive to capsule content. Load controlled fatigue testing was performed in air at room temperature on capsule free bone cement (0 wt%), bone cement with 5 wt% OCA-free capsules (5 wt% No OCA), and 5 wt% OCA-containing capsules (5 wt% OCA). Specimens were tested at a frequency of 5 Hz at maximum stresses of 90%, 80%, 70% and 50% of each specimen's bending strength until failure. The 5 wt% OCA exhibited significant self-healing at 70% and 50% of its reference strength (p < 0.05). Fatigue testing of all three specimen types in air at 22 MPa (50% of reference strength of the 5 wt% OCA specimens) showed that the cycles to failure of OCA-containing specimens was increased by two-fold compared to the OCA-free and capsule-free specimens. This study represents the first demonstration of dynamic, catalyst-free self-healing in a biomaterial formulation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Microcapsules Incorporation Into Bone Cement Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extended fatigue life of a catalyst free self‐healing acrylic bone cement using microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

et al. 2014

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Nonspherical Nanoparticle Shape Stability Is Affected by Complex Manufacturing Aspects: Its Implications for Drug Delivery and Targeting

Haryadi

Hafner

Amin

et al. 2019

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The shape of nanoparticles is known recently as an important design parameter influencing considerably the fate of nanoparticles with and in biological systems. Several manufacturing techniques to generate nonspherical nanoparticles as well as studies on in vitro and in vivo effects thereof have been described. However, nonspherical nanoparticle shape stability in physiological‐related conditions and the impact of formulation parameters on nonspherical nanoparticle resistance still need to be investigated. To address these issues, different nanoparticle fabrication methods using biodegradable polymers are explored to produce nonspherical nanoparticles via the prevailing film‐stretching method. In addition, systematic comparisons to other nanoparticle systems prepared by different manufacturing techniques and less biodegradable materials (but still commonly utilized for drug delivery and targeting) are conducted. The study evinces that the strong interplay from multiple nanoparticle properties (i.e., internal structure, Young's modulus, surface roughness, liquefaction temperature [glass transition (Tg) or melting (Tm)], porosity, and surface hydrophobicity) is present. It is not possible to predict the nonsphericity longevity by merely one or two factor(s). The most influential features in preserving the nonsphericity of nanoparticles are existence of internal structure and low surface hydrophobicity (i.e., surface‐free energy (SFE) > ≈55 mN m−1, material–water interfacial tension <6 mN m−1), especially if the nanoparticles are soft (<1 GPa), rough (Rrms > 10 nm), porous (>1 m2 g−1), and in possession of low bulk liquefaction temperature (<100 °C). Interestingly, low surface hydrophobicity of nanoparticles can be obtained indirectly by the significant presence of residual stabilizers. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that nonsphericity of particle systems is highly dependent on surface chemistry but cannot be appraised separately from other factors. These results and reviews allot valuable guidelines for the design and manufacturing of nonspherical nanoparticles having adequate shape stability, thereby appropriate with their usage purposes. Furthermore, they can assist in understanding and explaining the possible mechanisms of nonspherical nanoparticles effectivity loss and distinctive material behavior at the nanoscale.

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Self‐Healing Biomaterials: From Molecular Concepts to Clinical Applications

Diba

Spaans

Ning

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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were selected "off-the-shelf" based on the ingenuity of the surgeons. [1] During the last century, significant medical and technological progress has paved the way for the field of biomaterials research and the emergence of a biomaterials industry. Various synthetic or natural biomaterials have been developed which have enabled treatment of a wide range of medical conditions. Nevertheless, biomaterials are being considered for increasingly complex indications, which has increased the requirements for biomaterials considerably during the past decades. [2] Consequently, challenging-or even contradictorycombinations of biomaterial properties are often required which cannot be met by conventional biomaterials. For instance, biomaterials are desired which combine injectability, mechanical strength, and degradability with toughness to avoid mechanical damage following crack propagation. To meet these strict requirements, biomaterials are needed which can adapt to the implantation site and are able to heal themselves upon mechanical damage. While the majority of synthetic biomaterials does not recover from mechanical damage, natural tissues display a remarkable capacity for self-healing such as the spontaneous self-repair of bone fractures or ruptured skin. This self-healing ability is the ultimate solution of nature for continued survival based Biomaterials are being applied in increasingly complex areas such as tissue engineering, bioprinting, and regenerative medicine. For these applications, challenging-or even contradictory-combinations of biomaterial properties are often required which cannot be met by conventional biomaterials. During the past decade, several new concepts have been developed to render biomaterials self-healing, thereby offering new opportunities to improve the functionality of traditional biomaterials in terms of their mechanical, handling, and biological properties. Consequently, various types of self-healing polymeric, ceramic, or composite biomaterials have been developed. Nevertheless, despite the rapid emergence of the field of self-healing biomaterials, this field of research has not been reviewed during the recent years. Therefore, this article provides a critical overview of recent progress in the field of self-healing biomaterials research by discussing both extrinsic and intrinsic self-healing systems. While the extrinsic self-healing section focuses on self-healing dental materials and orthopedic bone cements that rely on release of healing liquids from embedded microcapsules, the section on intrinsic self-healing materials mainly discusses concepts for self-healing of polymeric biomaterials that are either hydrated (hydrogels) or nonhydrated (e.g., films and coatings). Finally, benefits of the self-healing feature for biomaterials are discussed, and directions for future research and developments are outlined.

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Mechanical and cytotoxicity testing of acrylic bone cement embedded with microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Cited by 15 publications

References 61 publications

Extended fatigue life of a catalyst free self‐healing acrylic bone cement using microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Extended fatigue life of a catalyst free self‐healing acrylic bone cement using microencapsulated 2‐octyl cyanoacrylate

Nonspherical Nanoparticle Shape Stability Is Affected by Complex Manufacturing Aspects: Its Implications for Drug Delivery and Targeting

Self‐Healing Biomaterials: From Molecular Concepts to Clinical Applications

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