Prehypertension Is Associated With Impaired Nitric Oxide-Mediated Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Sedentary Adults

Weil, Brian R.; Stauffer, Brian L.; Greiner, Jared J.; DeSouza, Christopher A.

doi:10.1038/ajh.2011.88

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Aside from the present study, we are aware of no other human studies directly assessing the effects of habitual high dietary fat intake on NO bioavailability. However, intact basal but impaired stimulated production or release of NO has been reported in other conditions (Weil et al 2011 a ). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Influence of habitual high dietary fat intake on endothelium-dependent vasodilation

Dow

Stauffer

Greiner

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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High-fat diets are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A potential underlying mechanism for the increased cardiovascular risk is endothelial dysfunction. Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation is critical in the regulation of vascular tone and overall vascular health. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of dietary fat intake on endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Forty-four middle-aged and older sedentary, healthy adults were studied: 24 consumed a lower fat diet (LFD; 29% ± 1% calories from fat) and 20 consumed a high-fat diet (HFD; 41% ± 1% calories from fat). Four-day diet records were used to assess fat intake, and classifications were based on American Heart Association guidelines (<35% of total calories from fat). Forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to acetylcholine, in the absence and presence of the endothelial NO synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (L-NMMA), as well as responses to sodium nitroprusside were determined by plethysmography. The FBF response to acetylcholine was lower (~15%; P < 0.05) in the HFD group (4.5 ± 0.2 to 12.1 ± 0.8 mL/100 mL tissue/min) than in the LFD group (4.6 ± 0.2 to 14.4 ± 0.6 mL/100 mL tissue/min). L-NMMA significantly reduced the FBF response to acetylcholine in the LFD group (~25%) but not in the HFD group. There were no differences between groups in the vasodilator response to sodium nitroprusside. These data indicate that a high-fat diet is associated with endothelium-dependent vasodilator dysfunction due, in part, to diminished NO bioavailability. Impaired NO-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk with high dietary fat intake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Influence of habitual high dietary fat intake on endothelium-dependent vasodilation

Dow

Stauffer

Greiner

et al. 2015

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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“…[23] Thus, it is important to identify endothelial dysfunction in this population, as this condition could constitute a key mechanism for the development of SAH and arteriosclerotic vascular disease. [8] This study evaluated non-smoking and non-diabetic prehypertensive subjects of both genders and identified the presence of endothelial dysfunction in 36.7% of the population under analysis. Prehypertensive subjects were mainly female, non-White, overweight and had a sedentary lifestyle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, inflammation, oxidative stress and increased endothelin-1 activity may be involved in this process. [8] Additionally, there is evidence of a lower capacity for repair of endothelial progenitor cells contributing to endothelial dysfunction. [28] The study design (cross-sectional) is one of its limitations, once it doesn´t provide the causal relationship between prehypertension and endothelial dysfunction, besides the sample size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6][7] Weil et al [8] have shown that, regardless of other CVD risk factors, prehypertension is associated with decreased blood flow in the forearm in response to acetylcholine infusion, suggesting less endotheliumdependent vasodilation. Moreover, it is known that increased age is associated to decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans and such reduction occurs earlier in males than females.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endothelial Dysfunction in Prehypertension and Associated Factors

Ribeiro

Ribeiro³

et al. 2016

Int Arch Med

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Background: Endothelial dysfunction precedes structural abnormalities and atherosclerosis clinical manifestations, and thus it is considered an early marker of cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the frequency of endothelial dysfunction in prehypertensive subjects and its association with demographic, anthropometric and clinical characteristics of the population studied. Methods and Results:Endothelial function was assessed by flowmediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery in 60 non-smoking and non-diabetic prehypertensive subjects aged 30-70 years who were recruited from the community. Variables analyzed were gender, age, race, sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia, body mass index, abdominal circumference and blood pressure. In order to evaluate the relationship between endothelial dysfunction and study variables, Student t, Mann-Whitney and chi-square tests were used. Multivariate logistic regression of variables analyzed with respect to endothelial dysfunction was applied in unadjusted as well as adjusted models (p<0.20). Significance level was set at 5%. Mean age of prehypertensive subjects was 42.6±9.2 years; 60% were females, 33.3% were Black, 61.6% were overweight, and 68.3% had a sedentary lifestyle. Endothelial dysfunction was detected in 36.7% of the population; its frequency was higher for Black subjects (45%). Association was established between endothelial dysfunction and males as well as obesity, the latter even after adjustment of the model (p=0.010). Conclusions:In conclusion, frequency of endothelial dysfunction as determined by FMD was high in the population under study, even IntroductionEndothelial dysfunction is associated with atherosclerosis progression and complications, and thus it is an early marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). [1] Endothelial dysfunction as detected by flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) of the brachial artery was related to the presence of coronary artery disease in 122 subjects undergoing coronary angiography, with 71% sensitivity and 81% specificity.[2] The positive predictive value of abnormal brachial dilation with respect to coronary endothelial dysfunction is 95%.[3] Therefore, assessment of endothelial function can help in the identification of early changes in asymptomatic subjects with CVD risk factors, such as prehypertension.Despite controversies over the use of the term 'prehypertension', studies have demonstrated that this clinical condition is an independent risk factor for the development of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and arteriosclerotic vascular disease. [4][5][6][7] Weil et al [8] have shown that, regardless of other CVD risk factors, prehypertension is associated with decreased blood flow in the forearm in response to acetylcholine infusion, suggesting less endotheliumdependent vasodilation. Moreover, it is known that increased age is associated to decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation in humans and such reduction occurs earlier in males than females. [9,10] Neverthel...

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“…Namely, the disordered function in the based condition and inadequate response of the endothelium to mechanical and pharmacologic stimuli has been implicated as an early stage in the development of atherosclerosis [20][21][22][23] and hypertension. 24,25) The bioavailability of vasodilators is reflected not only by vasodilation effect via the relaxants such as NO and and promoting atherosclerotic process.…”

Section: Endothelial Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Variability and Vascular Dysfunction in Essential Hypertension

Okumura

Cheng

2012

J Korean Soc Hypertens

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❙ABSTRACT❙There are several aspects of blood pressure. Clinically, how to best assess blood pressure average and variability is still a matter of the ongoing debate. Besides office blood pressure, we must pay more careful attention focused on hypertension with blood pressure fluctuation. Impaired endothelial function is intimately associated with the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe the relation between endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, the effect of gene polymorphism on endothelial dysfunction, the effects of antihypertensive agents and dietary supplementation on impaired endothelial function in hypertension. In order to predict the future atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events in subjects with hypertension, the adequate assessment of endothelial function is one of the most reliable markers.Furthermore, we discuss the close relationship between blood pressure variability and endothelial function. Blood pressure variability during a day or a week is an important, new risk factor for cardiovascular disease and restoring impaired endothelial function might be a target to prevent blood pressure variation and future cardiovascular events.

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Prehypertension Is Associated With Impaired Nitric Oxide-Mediated Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation in Sedentary Adults

Cited by 45 publications

References 49 publications

Influence of habitual high dietary fat intake on endothelium-dependent vasodilation

Influence of habitual high dietary fat intake on endothelium-dependent vasodilation

Endothelial Dysfunction in Prehypertension and Associated Factors

Blood Pressure Variability and Vascular Dysfunction in Essential Hypertension

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