Blood Pressure Variability and Vascular Dysfunction in Essential Hypertension

Abstract

❙ABSTRACT❙There are several aspects of blood pressure. Clinically, how to best assess blood pressure average and variability is still a matter of the ongoing debate. Besides office blood pressure, we must pay more careful attention focused on hypertension with blood pressure fluctuation. Impaired endothelial function is intimately associated with the development of hypertension and atherosclerosis. In this review, we describe the relation between endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, the effect of gene polymorphism on endothelial dysfunction, the effects of antihypertensive agents and dietary supplementation on impaired endothelial function in hypertension. In order to predict the future atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events in subjects with hypertension, the adequate assessment of endothelial function is one of the most reliable markers.Furthermore, we discuss the close relationship between blood pressure variability and endothelial function. Blood pressure variability during a day or a week is an important, new risk factor for cardiovascular disease and restoring impaired endothelial function might be a target to prevent blood pressure variation and future cardiovascular events.

Relationship between Short- and Mid-Term Glucose Variability and Blood Pressure Profile Parameters: A Scoping Review

“…Additionally, a vicious circle can be supported in which atherosclerosis is linked to oxidative stress induced by increased GV, which, in turn, can contribute to increased BPV and further deteriorate the existing oxidative stress levels [ 38 ]. In addition, GV enhances the production of advanced glycation end-products, which play a fundamental role in endothelial damage [ 39 ], while BPV seems to be actively related to reduced endothelial function, even though the exact mechanism that connects BPV and endothelial damage has not yet been clarified [ 40 ]. The potential connection between GV and BPV stresses the importance of underlying mechanisms but also of underlying subclinical target organ damage that can increase GV and BPV in a similar manner.…”