Preferences of color and lip position for facial attractiveness by laypersons and orthodontists

Abstract

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported some evaluation methods about profiles, but so far, they have no consistent agreement on the esthetic profiles of color images. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the judges have different preferences about the color of the photograph and lip position for esthetic profiles when comparing a Chinese boy and girl.MethodsThe photographic records of a Chinese boy and girl with a good balanced profile were randomly selected. The images of the patients’ profile were altered to produce silhouettes and black and white and color photographs (a total of six images). After evaluation by the judges, the best two photographs of the boy and girl were used to produce images of anterior–posterior lip positions with −6, −4, −2, 0, +2, +4, and +6 mm in relation to the esthetic plane, which was created by Ricketts. The judges were invited to enumerate the images in the order in which they considered the most attractive.ResultsThe chromophotograph was chosen as the best way to express the facial profile in both the boy and girl. The profiles with a deviation of −4 mm in the boy and a deviation of −2 mm in the girl from line E were considered as the most attractive, and the image with a deviation of +6 mm from the normal line E was considered the least attractive. There were statistically significant differences between the preferences of the profiles of the boy and girl; the same results were recorded in the variables educational background and clinic role of the judges.ConclusionThe chromophotograph was considered as the best way to evaluate the esthetic profiles, and the judges preferred the boy with a concave profile than the concave profile of the girl.

A Quantitative Approach to Determining the Ideal Female Lip Aesthetic and Its Effect on Facial Attractiveness

“…19,23 This method has generated a robust set of attractiveness data, allowing for a highly powered statistical analysis compared with all previous studies on focus group evaluation of lip aesthetics. 4,[24][25][26][27] Several goals exist for lip augmentation, including improving lip fullness, restoring volume in age-associated atrophy, and providing a more distinct vermillion border and philtrum. 28 General guidelines offer the practitioner options for creating an ideal aesthetic but are often based on subjective analysis.…”

“…Our robust virtual model for ranking facial attractiveness used a combined traditional and internet-based focus group to perform aesthetic analysis . This method has generated a robust set of attractiveness data, allowing for a highly powered statistical analysis compared with all previous studies on focus group evaluation of lip aesthetics …”

The Esthetic Difference of Chinese Beauty Evaluated by Two Different Human Races Based on Three-Dimensional Average Face Analysis

“…In this study, 4 average faces’ profiles all met the E line standard created by Ricketts. This result was inconsistency with some other researches, such as Qingjuan Shi, who reported that Chinese prefer the concave facial profile; 34 Macias, GA, who concluded that in young Spanish population, attractive females tended to present a convex profile than males and all attractive individuals had lips inside the Ricketts’ E line; 35 Ioi, H et al, who found a slightly convex profile was more acceptable than a concave profile in Japan. 36 …”

Examination of the horizontal position of the lips in relation to reference lines in the population of young adults

“…Poređenjem bočnih profila lica različitih rasa, kod bele rase je primećeno znatnije izbočenje donje usne kod ženskog pola nego kod osoba muškog pola, a zajedno sa tim i mnogo veće vrednosti koje se odnose na udaljenost od referentnih linija u odnosu na žutu rasu, što nam ukazuje da pripadnici žute rase imaju konkavniji profil lica (8,9). Zatim, kada se osvrnemo na pripadnike crne rase, možemo uočiti prominentniju i gornju i donju usnu u poređenju sa belcima (10) Primarni cilj ove studije bio je da se ustanovi u kojoj meri se profili lica grupe mladih odraslih ispitanika približavaju idealnom profilu i propisanim referentnim vrednostima iz literature.…”

“…Navodi iz literature o pripadnicima žute rase sugerišu da Kinezi najčešće imaju konkavan profil lica, a naravno, kako u svemu postoje izuzeci, tako i ovde određeni procenat stanovništva koji nema konkavan profil obično biva podvrgnut operacijama kojima modifikuje izgled lica, pa samim tim i profila (9). Rezultati ukazuju da je rastojanje gornje i donje usne u odnosu na Riketsovu liniju bilo u granicama normale (0,44/0,15 mm (m) i 0,65/0,23 mm (ž)).…”