Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Twardowska-Staszek, Estera; Rostek, Irmina; Biel, Krzysztof; Seredyńska, Anna

doi:10.3390/ijerph182211993

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Likewise, while the raw scores of PANAS do not indicate the advantage of negative over positive emotions, referencing them to norms shows 38.15% had a low level of positive emotions, 31.60% people had a high level of positive emotions, and 30.25% people had a medium level of positive emotions. In the sub-scale of negative emotions, 60% people revealed a high level, 29.08% people revealed a medium level, and 10.92%–a low level ( 25 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Stress Among Poles and How They Cope With Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to learn about causes of stress among adult Poles and their ways of dealing with stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey questionnaire was used, as well as two standardized research tools: Endler and Parker’s Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS), and Watson and Clark’s Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The research group comprised 595 people, including 80.5% women. They were 18–75 years old. The most important stress factors were concern for one’s health, as well as the current political and economic situation in the country. Most of the participants lean toward avoidance-oriented coping with stress, fewer of them prefer emotion-oriented coping, and the remaining ones focus on task-oriented coping. Task-oriented style is typical of those who are older, married and those who have children. Emotion-oriented coping is more common among women, young people, unmarried people and those without children. Avoidance-oriented style is connected with those who are single, childless, and combining study with work. The most adaptive style of dealing with stress in terms of emotions was task-oriented coping. Psychological support focused on strengthening adaptive strategies of coping with stressful situations is an important task for professionals in the field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of Stress Among Poles and How They Cope With Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2022

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“…The increased incidence of symptoms of mental illness was reflected by an increased expenditure of psychiatric prescriptions, including antidepressants and hypnotics [ 18 ]. Twardowska-Staszek et al (2021) reported that Polish people living in a medium-sized town or in a village is a predictor for negative emotion [ 19 ]. Recently, a gradual improvement in mental health has been reported, as Polish people were reported to be adapting to the “new normal” (i.e., public health policies that are less stringent in response to COVID-19 variants that cause less severe infection) [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Psychological Distress across Three Time Periods during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland

Chudzicka‐Czupała

Chiang

Grabowski

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Background: Since the onset of COVID-19, public health policies and public opinions changed from stringent preventive measures against spread of COVID-19 to policies accommodating life with continued, diminished risk for contracting COVID-19. Poland is a country that demonstrated severe psychological impact and negative mental health. The study aims to examine psychological impact and changes in levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among three cross-sectional samples of Polish people and COVID-19-related factors associated with adverse mental health. Methods: In total, 2324 Polish persons participated in repeated cross-sectional studies across three surveys: Survey 1 (22 to 26 March 2020), Survey 2 (21 October to 3 December 2020), and Survey 3 (3 November to 10 December 2021). Participants completed an online survey, including Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), demographics, knowledge, and concerns of COVID-19 and precautionary measures. Results: A significant reduction of IES-R scores was seen across surveys, while DASS-21 scores were significantly higher in Survey 2. There was significant reduction in the frequency of following COVID-19 news, recent COVID-19 testing, and home isolation from Survey 1 to 3. Being emale was significantly associated with higher IES-R and DASS-21 scores in Surveys 1 and 2. Student status was significantly associated with higher DASS-21 across surveys. Chills, myalgia, and fatigue were significantly associated with high IES-R or DASS-21 scores across surveys. Frequency of wearing masks and perception that mask could reduce risk of COVID-19 were significantly associated with higher IES-R and DASS-21 scores. Conclusion: Conclusions: The aforementioned findings indicate a reduction in the level of the measured subjective distress andin the frequency of checking COVID-19 news-related information across three periods during the pandemic in Poland.

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“…With COVID-19, the patients are labeled as something others fear of and become a symbol of awe and alienation for others, which has an adverse effect on patients’ physical and mental health and makes it difficult for them to reintegrate into society [ 38 ]. At present, there are few studies on social alienation of patients with COVID-19 infection, most of which focus on the negative emotion caused by COVID-19 [ 29 , 45 , 50 ]. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to carry out research to investigate the sense of alienation in patients with COVID-19 infection, in order to ascertain the severity of their social alienation and explore its underlying mechanisms, so as to provide references for alleviating the social alienation of COVID-19 patients and help them to maintain their mental health and to better integrate into society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological capital and alienation among patients with COVID-19 infection: the mediating role of social support

Yan

et al. 2023

Virol J

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Background COVID-19 infection continues all over the world, causing serious physical and psychological impacts to patients. Patients with COVID-19 infection suffer from various negative emotional experiences such as anxiety, depression, mania, and alienation, which seriously affect their normal life and is detrimental to the prognosis. Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of psychological capital on alienation among patients with COVID-19 and the mediating role of social support in this relationship. Methods The data were collected in China by the convenient sampling. A sample of 259 COVID-19 patients completed the psychological capital, social support and social alienation scale and the structural equation model was adopted to verify the research hypotheses. Results Psychological capital was significantly and negatively related to the COVID-19 patients’ social alienation (p < .01). And social support partially mediated the correlation between psychological capital and patients’ social alienation (p < .01). Conclusion Psychological capital is critical to predicting COVID-19 patients’ social alienation. Social support plays an intermediary role and explains how psychological capital alleviates the sense of social alienation among patients with COVID-19 infection.

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Predictors of Positive and Negative Emotions Experienced by Poles during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Causes of Stress Among Poles and How They Cope With Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Causes of Stress Among Poles and How They Cope With Stress During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Predictors of Psychological Distress across Three Time Periods during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland

Psychological capital and alienation among patients with COVID-19 infection: the mediating role of social support

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