Predictive factors influencing pregnancy rate in frozen embryo transfer

Abstract

Purpose To evaluate the outcomes of embryo transfer (ET) and to identify the parameters influencing pregnancy outcomes. Methods This study included 938 ET cycles involving single frozen and thawed good‐quality blastocyst (Gardner grade ≥3BB) between August 2017 and January 2018. The significance of several parameters including endometrial thickness, position of the transferred air bubble, self‐evaluation score by physicians, and uterus direction at ET as predictors of clinical pregnancy was evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Among 938 ET cycles, 462 (49.3%) resulted in a clinical pregnancy. Endometrial thickness was positively associated with clinical pregnancy in a linear trend. Between the variable position of the transferred air bubble and clinical pregnancy rate showed a curvilinear relationship. Clinical pregnancy rate was higher in cases with good self‐evaluation score, whereas there was no difference between groups with different uterus directions. Univariate analysis of predictive parameters identified endometrial thickness, self‐evaluation score by physicians, and position of air bubbles as significant predictors of clinical pregnancy, of which endometrial thickness and position of air bubbles appeared to be independently related to clinical pregnancy. Conclusion Endometrial thickness and the position of transferred air bubbles influenced clinical pregnancy in ET cycles.

Analysis of Relevant Factors Affecting the Pregnancy Rate of Frozen-Thawed Embryo Transfer Cycle

“…Recently, the low implantation rate of transferred embryos remains a major challenge [ 7 , 8 ]. Some studies believe that the cause for the failure of embryo implantation is mainly due to the adverse effect of supraphysiological doses of hormones that stimulate ovulation on endometrial receptivity, resulting in the early opening of the “implantation window”.…”

Clinical outcome of intrauterine infusion of platelet‐rich plasma in patients with recurrent implantation failure

“… 17 Among many variables, optimal EMT is one of the critical factors related to a successful embryo implantation. 2 , 3 Until recently, intrauterine PRP infusion has been extensively reported to have a positive impact on EMT and pregnancy rate. 7 , 8 , 9 Autologous PRP is developed from autologous blood and is, therefore, inherently safe and free of transmissible diseases, such as HIV and hepatitis.…”

“… 1 Among these factors, thin endometrium is an important factor in implantation failure, and it correlates with increased miscarriage risk. 2 , 3 The reason is pathophysiologically explained by poor epithelial growth, reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), poor vascular development, and the high impedance of blood flow in the radial arteries of the uterine vasculature. 4 Although the endometrial thickness (EMT) reportedly improves through prolonged estrogen administration, aspirin, Vitamin E, and pentoxifylline, many women with thin endometrium remain nonresponsive with these treatments.…”

“…The etiologies of RIF are complex, attributing to multiple factors, such as thin endometrium, chronic endometritis, stress, immunological factors, incompatible implantation window, and specific autoantibodies 1 . Among these factors, thin endometrium is an important factor in implantation failure, and it correlates with increased miscarriage risk 2,3 . The reason is pathophysiologically explained by poor epithelial growth, reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), poor vascular development, and the high impedance of blood flow in the radial arteries of the uterine vasculature 4 .…”

Endometrial thickness and frozen thaw embryo transfer: A prospective study

“…Other agents that are used to improve endometrial thickness and vascularity are Filgrastin Intrauterine instillation, Vitamin E, L arginine and silden il citrate [24][25][26].…”