Prediction of left ventricular mass from the electrocardiogram

Wolf, Hermann K.; Burggraf, Gary W.; Cuddy, Edward; Milliken, John A.; Rautaharju, P. M.; Smith, Eldon R.; Warren, James W.

doi:10.1016/0022-0736(91)90003-5

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Two of the previous models require detailed ECG measurements [12,13]. The performance of our model without ECG predictors was comparable with our model including ECG predictors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A prediction model for left ventricular mass in patients at high cardiovascular risk

Meijs

Vergouwe

Vonken

et al. 2010

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitat

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“…Two of the previous models require detailed ECG measurements [12,13]. The performance of our model without ECG predictors was comparable with our model including ECG predictors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

A prediction model for left ventricular mass in patients at high cardiovascular risk

Meijs

Vergouwe

Vonken

et al. 2010

European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitat

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“…Left ventricular mass was determined from EKG. 15 Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in metres.…”

Section: Study Design and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory muscle strength and the risk of incident cardiovascular events

Palen

2004

Thorax

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Background: Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) is a measure of inspiratory muscle strength. The prognostic importance of MIP for cardiovascular events among elderly community dwelling individuals is unknown. Diminished forced vital capacity (FVC) is a risk factor for cardiovascular events which remains largely unexplained. Methods: MIP was measured at the baseline examination of the Cardiovascular Health Study. Participants had to be free of prevalent congestive heart failure (CHF), myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke. Results: Subjects in the lowest quintile of MIP had a 1.5-fold increased risk of MI (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.06) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) death (HR 1.54, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) after adjustment for nonpulmonary function covariates. There was a potential inverse relationship with stroke (HR 1.36, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.90), but there was little evidence of an association between MIP and CHF (HR 1.22, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.60). The addition of FVC to models attenuated the HR associated with MIP only modestly; similarly, addition of MIP attenuated the HR associated with FVC only modestly. Conclusions: A reduced MIP is an independent risk factor for MI and CVD death, and a suggestion of an increased risk for stroke. This association with MIP appeared to be mediated through mechanisms other than inflammation.

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“…Dw indicates discriminant function for white-coat hypertension; Ds, discriminant function for severe hypertension. model, 6 maximal spatial vector of vector cardiography, 21 and the Novacode program 22 based on statistical multivariate models for estimation of echocardiographic LVM. The formula proposed in this study was used to improve and simplify these methods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation Between Body Fat–Corrected ECG Voltage and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Essential Hypertension

et al. 1999

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Abstract-Because adipose tissue has high electric resistance, the amount of body fat influences ECG voltage. In this study, body fat weight of patients with essential hypertension was measured by means of the impedance method and was used to correct mean ECG voltage. Then the relation between body fat-corrected mean ECG voltage (V fm ) and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) was investigated. The subjects were 172 patients with essential hypertension (88 men, 84 women, none receiving medication) between the ages of 30 and 75 years. Ambulatory BP was measured by a multi-biomedical recorder. Minimum sleep-time BP (base BP) was calculated to correspond with minimum sleep-time heart rate. The tetrapolar bioelectric impedance method was used to measure body fat (kg). Left ventricular mass (LVM) was obtained by echocardiography. Then comparisons were made with standard 12-lead ECG, and the statistical mean ECG voltage (V m ) and V fm were derived by multivariate statistical analysis.The following formula was devised to obtain V fm resulting from the multivariate analysis that demonstrated a high correlation with LVM (rϭ0.85): V fm ϭ0.175(Body Fat) 1/3 ϫV m ϩ0.5 (mV). The coefficient of correlation (r) between V fm and ambulatory BP was not smaller than that between LVM and ambulatory BP. Base systolic BP demonstrated a significantly higher r value (rϭ0.83) with V fm /BSA 1/2 (where BSA is body surface area) than mean daytime SBP (rϭ0.65). In many subjects with white-coat hypertension, V fm /BSA 1/2 was Ͻ1.33 mV/m (34 of 38 cases; sensitivity, 89%; specificity, 89%). These results indicate that V fm is a better indicator of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy and that it may be useful in estimating minimum sleep-time systolic BP and in diagnosing white-coat hypertension in the outpatient clinic. 4 ECG accuracy in detecting LVH, however, is inferior to that of the echocardiographic method. 1,2 Many factors such as body weight (BW), lung tissue changes, and amount of subcutaneous fat influence the voltage of the ECG wave. 5,6 Because fat is electrically resistant, when a thick layer of subcutaneous fat lies between the heart and the ECG electrodes, cardiac electric potential (voltage) attenuates before reaching the electrode. To compensate for this phenomenon, we measured body fat by means of the impedance method, 7,8 and then we corrected the mean amplitude of the ECG voltage by means of body fat value to produce the optimum correlation with echocardiographic left ventricular mass (LVM) by multivariate analysis. Next, we investigated the correlation between body fat-corrected mean ECG voltage (V fm ) and ambulatory blood pressure (BP). Methods PatientsThe subjects were 192 patients (98 men and 94 women) not receiving medication and ranging in age from 30 to 75 years. BP, measured by the auscultatory method 3 times on 3 different days, was Ͼ140 mm Hg for systolic BP (SBP) and Ͼ90 mm Hg for diastolic BP (DBP; Korotkoff phase V). All subjects underwent a routine examination, and only those patients with essential hyperte...

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Prediction of left ventricular mass from the electrocardiogram

Cited by 30 publications

References 18 publications

A prediction model for left ventricular mass in patients at high cardiovascular risk

A prediction model for left ventricular mass in patients at high cardiovascular risk

Respiratory muscle strength and the risk of incident cardiovascular events

Relation Between Body Fat–Corrected ECG Voltage and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Essential Hypertension

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