Prediction of intra-abdominal and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue in healthy pre-pubertal children

Goran, MI; Gower, BA; Treuth, Margarita S.; Nagy, TR

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0800624

Cited by 144 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this study, adiposity measurements were strongly correlated with each other, and adolescents with higher BMI also presented higher WC, TKFM, TFM and BF% values, indicating that in the population analyzed, BMI properly identified adiposity. Studies evaluating the distribution of fat in adolescents, with similar results of this study, found a strong association between BMI and WC (r = 0.88-0.91) (17,18) and between TFM and BMI (r = 0.84-0.97) (19,20). Especially in girls, BMI has been a good indicator of adiposity, because in females a greater fat deposition occurs during the pubertal period (21).…”

Section: Association Between Adiposity Indicators Metabolic Parametesupporting

confidence: 84%

Association between adiposity indicators, metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in a sample of female adolescents

Coutinho

Leite

Lopes

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total and abdominal adiposity with metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers, in female adolescents. Subjects and methods: The sample consisted of 53 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from a public school in Curitiba, Brazil. The adiposity indicators studied were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), trunk fat mass (TKFM), total fat mass (TFM) and body fat percentage (BF%) measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The metabolic and inflammatory parameters studied were systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leptin, adiponectin and resistin. Results: Eighty percent of WC variation, 87% of TKFM and TFM, and 73% of BF% were predicted by BMI variation. There was a significant positive correlation between all indicators of adiposity with SBP, DBP, insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP and leptin. Triglycerides were positively correlated with BMI and WC, and adiponectin correlated negatively with BMI. TNF-α, IL-6, glucose, total cholesterol, and high-and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not correlate to the studied variables. Conclusion: BMI showed a significant association with most of the parameters studied, and WC was slightly better than BMI to predict insulin resistance in this specific population. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(4):325-34

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Section: Association Between Adiposity Indicators Metabolic Parametesupporting

confidence: 84%

Association between adiposity indicators, metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in a sample of female adolescents

Coutinho

Leite

Lopes

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[1][2][3][4] Clustering of these CV risk factors in children and adolescents tends to track into adult life. [5][6][7][8][9] CV disease appears to be related specifically to intraabdominal fat (visceral adipose tissue) 10,11 of which waist circumference (WC) provides a good and clinically useful measure, [12][13][14][15][16][17] supporting the growing view that WC is a better measure of CV risk than body mass index (BMI) in both children and adults. [18][19][20][21] Ethnic differences of WC have been described in adults 22,23 but have not been studied in children, although reference data for WC are available from a number of different countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Waist circumference and body mass index in Chinese children: cutoff values for predicting cardiovascular risk factors

et al. 2006

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Background: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) correlate with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors in childhood which track into adulthood. WC provides a measure of central obesity, which has been specifically associated with CV risk factors. Reference standards for WC, and for WC and BMI risk threshold values are not established in Chinese children. Objectives: To construct reference percentile charts of WC, establish relationships between WC, BMI and other risk factors, and propose WC and BMI threshold values predictive of CV risk factors in Hong Kong ethnic Chinese children. Methods: Weight, height, waist and hip circumference were measured in 2593 (52% boys, 47% girls) randomly sampled Hong Kong school children aged 6-12 years. In 958 of these and 97 additional overweight children (n ¼ 1055), the relationships between WC, BMI, waist/hip and waist/height ratio and six age-adjusted CV risk factors (485% percentile levels of blood pressure (BP), fasting triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, glucose and insulin levels, and o15% percentile levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol) were studied. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was employed to derive optimal age-adjusted sex-specific WC and BMI thresholds for predicting these measures of risk. Results: WC percentiles were constructed. WC correlated slightly more than BMI with CV risk factors and most strongly with insulin and systolic BP, but poorly or not with LDL and glucose. Optimal WC and BMI risk thresholds for predicting four of these six CV risk factors were ca. the 85th percentiles (sensitivities B0.8, specificities B0.87) with age-specific cutoff values in girls/ boys from B57/58 to B71/76 cm and 17/18 to 22/23 kg/m 2 . Conclusion: These are the first set of WC reference data for Chinese children. WC risk cutoff values are proposed which, despite a smaller waist in Chinese children, are similar to those reported for American children. WC percentiles may reflect population risk.

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“…However, waist circumference is highly correlated with such techniques in children. 62 and has been widely used as the primary measure of central adiposity in many diet and exercise intervention studies. 10,45 Although we saw significant improvements with waist circumference alone, use of other methods may have improved the ability to see subtle changes, as well as localizing them to the subcutaneous or more metabolically important visceral space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

2008

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Background: High-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) improves adiposity and metabolic risk in adults, but has not been investigated in children within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective: We hypothesized that high-intensity PRT (8 weeks, twice a week) would decrease central adiposity in children, as assessed via waist circumference. Methods Design/Setting/Participants: Concealed randomization stratified by age and gender was used to allocate rural New Zealand school students to the wait-list control or PRT group. Intervention: Participants were prescribed two sets (eight repetitions per set) of 11 exercises targeting all the major muscle groups at high intensity. Primary Outcome: Waist circumference; secondary outcomes included whole body fat, muscular fitness (one repetition maximum), cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption during a treadmill test), lipids, insulin sensitivity and fasting glucose. Results: Of the 78 children (32 girls and 46 boys; mean age 12.2(1.3) years), 51% were either overweight (33%) or obese (18%). High-intensity PRT significantly improved waist circumference (mean change PRT À0.8 (2.2) cm vs þ 0.5 (1.7) cm control; F ¼ 7.59, P ¼ 0.008), fat mass (mean change PRT þ 0.2 (1.4) kg vs þ 1.0 (1.2) kg control; F ¼ 6.00, P ¼ 0.017), percent body fat (mean change PRT -0.3 (1.8)% vs þ 1.2 (2.1)% control; F ¼ 9.04, P ¼ 0.004), body mass index (mean change PRT À0.01 (0.8) kg m À2 vs þ 0.4 (0.7) kg m À2 control; F ¼ 6.02, P ¼ 0.017), upper body strength (mean change PRT þ 11.6(6.1) kg vs þ 2.9(3.7) kg control; F ¼ 48.6, Po0.001) and lower body strength (mean change PRT þ 42.9(26.6) kg vs þ 28.5(26.6) kg control; F ¼ 4.72, P ¼ 0.034) compared to the control group. Waist circumference decreased the most in those with the greatest baseline relative strength (r ¼ À0.257, P ¼ 0.036), and greatest relative (r ¼ À0.400, P ¼ 0.001) and absolute (r ¼ 0.340, P ¼ 0.006) strength gains during the intervention. Conclusion: Isolated high-intensity PRT significantly improves central and whole body adiposity in association with muscle strength in normal-weight and overweight children. The clinical relevance and sustainability of these changes in adiposity should be addressed in future long-term studies.

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Prediction of intra-abdominal and subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue in healthy pre-pubertal children

Cited by 144 publications

References 14 publications

Association between adiposity indicators, metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in a sample of female adolescents

Association between adiposity indicators, metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in a sample of female adolescents

Waist circumference and body mass index in Chinese children: cutoff values for predicting cardiovascular risk factors

The effect of high-intensity progressive resistance training on adiposity in children: a randomized controlled trial

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