Prediction of Evaporation from Shallow Water Table Using Regression and Artificial Neural Networks

Chari, Mohammad Mahdi; Nemati, Farnood; Afrasiab, P; Kahkhamoghaddam, parisa; Davari, Abolfazl

doi:10.5539/jas.v5n1p168

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The present results were also in agreement with previous studies by Zhang et al (1993); Jensen M.E. (2010); Xing et al (2012); Chari et al (2013). Their studies showed that according to both field observation and mathematical model, the dynamics of temperature in shallow water was affected significantly by the flux of surface radiation penetrating the water columns depending on its depths and volumes.…”

Section: Temperature Dynamics: Air Brine and Soilsupporting

confidence: 93%

Meteorological and physical conditions of Salt Pan Areas with Filtering-Threaded Technology (TUF) in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia

Bramawanto

Sagala

2016

segara

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Salt pans in Indonesia are commonly set in batch operation and highly depend on the meteorological condition. Moreover, the common salt pans are considerably limited in the area (averagely 0.5-1 Ha) as it is not organized by industries or governments; local farmers instead. However, with such confinement, there are some salt pans particularly with filtering-threaded technology system (TUF system) that successfully produce salt with high production (>100 tons/Ha/season) and grade-1 quality. The present study was aimed to get insight on the meteorological condition at the salt pans using TUF system and the physical condition of the sea brine obtained from the TUF in the local salt pans in Cirebon Regency. Measurements on temperatures (air, brine and soil), humidity, wind direction and speed, brine conductivity, brine density and salinity were conducted at the pre-crystallizer pond, brine storage pond, channels, the condenser, and the reservoir. The meteorological parameters were recorded hourly using Automatic Weather Station and the data were taken during 49 hours ly, from August 26-28, 2014 started at 04.00 pm. Meanwhile, the physical parameters of the brine were measured every three hours using water quality meter. The results showed that the meteorological condition, brine physical condition, and the process occurred during salt production were still in agreement and met the theoretical condition or modeling. Even though the relative humidity and some wind speed in the present study area were out of the standard criteria recommended (5m/s for wind speed), the study showed that salt still can be produced in condition of relative humidity (52-88%), wind speed (0.2-5.7 m/s), and ambient temperature (23.2-32.4 oC). Interestingly, it is found that brine thickness and volume could be adjusted to get an optimum temperature of brine (reached 36.2 oC), in order to enhance the evaporation process. The highest soil temperature (34.7 oC) was found at 15.00 in the pre-crystallizer ponds. Meanwhile, the lowest temperature (26.7oC) was found early morning at 04.00 in the reservoir pond. Brine in the pre-crystallizer had highest thermal storage capacity during daytime (06.00-16.00), whereas soil in the pre-crystallizer tended to store heat during the nighttime (18.00-22.00). Brine and soil temperature fluctuation indicate that solar irradiation and convection process transferring heat energy from soil to brine occurs and also took an important part in the evaporation process. It therefore can be concluded that by understanding the condition of meteorology at the salt pan areas and the brine characteristic obtained, the appropriate technology resulting high-quality and quantity salt production could be devised.

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Section: Temperature Dynamics: Air Brine and Soilsupporting

confidence: 93%

Meteorological and physical conditions of Salt Pan Areas with Filtering-Threaded Technology (TUF) in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia

Bramawanto

Sagala

2016

segara

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“…More water trapped in the straw incorporation layer meant that more soluble salt in the topsoil could be dissolved as the time of water infiltration increased. On the other hand, straw incorporation cut off the capillaries in the soil, which relieved the surface of salt deposition caused by evaporation of the underlying water [40]. For treatment L3, it showed less satisfactory soil improvement results, as expected.…”

Section: Variations Of Soil Salinitymentioning

confidence: 54%

“…However, no evident difference of soil moisture content was observed between L3 and CK during the later period. The reasons why straw incorporation can improve soil moisture content can be explained as follows: On the one hand, the capillary of the soil was cut off by straw amendment, preventing water upper movement from the subsurface soil layer [40,41]. On the other hand, straw amendment destroyed the original pore structure of the soil and increased the retention time of irrigation water, delaying the infiltration of irrigation water [42].…”

Section: Dynamics Of Soil Moisturementioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Water-Salt Dynamics and Maize Growth as Affected by Cutting Length of Topsoil Incorporation Straw under Brackish Water Irrigation

Zhang

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Brackish water has been utilized extensively in agriculture around the world to cope with the global water deficit, but soil salt accumulation caused by brackish water irrigation cannot be ignored. Straw incorporation has been confirmed an effective sustainable means to inhibit soil salt accumulation. An experiment was conducted in growth tanks over two consecutive growing seasons to investigate the effects of wheat straw incorporation on soil moisture and salinity under brackish water irrigation (5g NaCl L−1). Furthermore, the trial investigated the effects of three wheat straw cutting lengths (CK = 0 cm; L1 = 5 cm, L2 = 10 cm, and L3 = 20 cm) on soil water-salt dynamics and summer maize growth. The results showed that soil properties and maize yields were favorably and significantly affected by the shorter straw segments incorporated into the cultivated field (p < 0.05), as indicated in the decrease in soil bulk density (7.47%–7.79%) and the rise of soil organic matter (SOM) content (2.4–4.5g kg−1) and soil total porosity (4.34%–4.72%) under treatment L1. Meanwhile, treatment L1 produced the greatest dry above-ground biomass (14447 ± 571 kg ha−1), 100-grain weight (34.52 ± 1.20 g) and grain yield (7251 ± 204 kg ha−1) of summer maize. Soil water content in the cultivated layer increased 4.79%–25.44%, and the soil salt accumulation rate decreased significantly due to the straw incorporation and the highest value of soil moisture content (19.10%–21.84%), as well as the lowest value of soil salt accumulation rates (2.12–9.06) obtained at treatment L1. Straw incorporation with cutting length in 5 cm is the optimal choice for alleviating the adverse effects due to brackish water irrigation and improving soil properties, which could be helpful for agricultural mechanization and straw field-returning practices.

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“…The concentration of salts in the soils increases with loss of water. This can lead to the concentration of salts present in the groundwater on soil surface after continuous evaporation (Chari et al, 2012), which will in turn add to salinity in the soils. The man-made factors include over application of mineral fertilizers, traditional irrigation practices and poor drainage systems which can directly or indirectly accelerated by human driven climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil salinity assessment research using remote sensing techniques: a special focus on recent research

Kholdorov

Gopakumar

Katsura

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Soil salinity is an important environmental problem affecting arid and semi-arid regions. There are direct measures for measuring soil salinity but the conventional methods of assessing soil salinity through chemical analysis is time consuming. With the development of GIS, remote sensing and its popularization in soil science research, the evaluation of soil salinity has become much easier, with the advantage of getting accurate results without tedious sampling. This research addresses the status of various studies done in the international scenario to assess soil salinity and evaluates them. The evaluation is based on the type of articles, geographical region and funding sources. In general, this study will bring out the advantages of remote sensing as an efficient tool for soil salinity related research in the light of current research compared to the contemporary studies in the same field.

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Prediction of Evaporation from Shallow Water Table Using Regression and Artificial Neural Networks

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Meteorological and physical conditions of Salt Pan Areas with Filtering-Threaded Technology (TUF) in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia

Meteorological and physical conditions of Salt Pan Areas with Filtering-Threaded Technology (TUF) in Cirebon Regency, Indonesia

Soil Water-Salt Dynamics and Maize Growth as Affected by Cutting Length of Topsoil Incorporation Straw under Brackish Water Irrigation

Soil salinity assessment research using remote sensing techniques: a special focus on recent research

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