Predicting the technical impacts of high levels of small-scale embedded generators on low-voltage networks

Trichakis, P.; Taylor, Philip; Lyons, Pádraig; Hair, R.

doi:10.1049/iet-rpg:20080012

Cited by 104 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This recommendation is in place to prevent damage to 3-phase equipment which can be caused by voltage unbalance [13]. Domestic PV installations, by their nature, provide a very inconsistent power injection onto a single phase in the network and as such greatly contribute to voltage unbalance [14]. It is possible that, within a feeder system, 70-90% of the PV installations are on the same phase and in this situation a very large voltage unbalance would be expected to occur under conditions of domestic solar power export [11] and this effect is increased with distance from the substation.…”

Section: Voltage Violationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative analysis of domestic and feeder connected batteries for low voltage networks with high photovoltaic penetration

Hilton

Cruden

Kent

2017

Journal of Energy Storage

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Excessive voltage and power flow issues associated with domestic solar power are threatening UK distribution system operation and the use of energy storage is one method proposed to mitigate these issues. In this study a data orientated approach was taken in order to simulate the effect of the location of the energy storage on the low voltage network. A number of small (<15kWh) domestic batteries were compared to a single larger (>50kWh) feeder connected battery in terms of their ability to shave load demand peaks, fill load demand valleys and counter voltage violations on a typical radial feeder system. To achieve this MatLab was used to create dispatch strategies for each battery and introduce them into an aggregated load, and OpenDSS was then used to model this scenario on a typical UK radial feeder based on the IEEE European Low Voltage Test Case.It was found that the feeder connected battery was more successful at mitigating the thermal overload effects of distributed generation at the low voltage level. Domestic batteries offer ease of installation and consumer support, likely to make their utilisation increasingly inevitable. However, their exposure to domestic energy flows and focus on minimising grid import to the home led to a reduced network level impact. This work shows that a feeder connected battery can respond to the power flows of the aggregated load and thus provides a far more capable tool for reducing network peak loads and preventing feeder system export.

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Section: Voltage Violationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum current which overhead lines are permitted to carry is dependent on the overall heat transfer to the cable and the resistance as described in Equation 4 [14].…”

Section: Thermal Overloadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of domestic and feeder connected batteries for low voltage networks with high photovoltaic penetration

Hilton

Cruden

Kent

2017

Journal of Energy Storage

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“…Most low voltage (LV) distribution networks were constructed a few decades ago and are reaching their capacity B Farhad Shahnia farhad.shahnia@curtin.edu.au 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Centre for Smart Grid and Sustainable Power Systems, Curtin University, Perth, Australia 2 School of Engineering, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia limits due to the natural load growth. Although voltages are usually well balanced at the supply side, they can become unbalanced at the customer level due to the unequal distribution of single-phase loads and PVs connected to the LV feeders [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although voltages are usually well balanced at the supply side, they can become unbalanced at the customer level due to the unequal distribution of single-phase loads and PVs connected to the LV feeders [1]. Considering the fact that most of the residential rooftop PV systems are single-phase units, their integration into the three-phase networks might increase the unbalance issues due to their random locations and ratings [2]. Reference [3] indicates that rooftop PV installations will have minor effect on the voltage unbalance at the beginning of a LV feeder designed with engineering judgments; however, the voltage unbalance might increase at the end of the feeder to more than the standard limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo-based Stochastic Analysis Results for Coordination of Single-Phase Rooftop PVs in Low Voltage Residential Networks

2015

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Installation of single-phase rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in low voltage (LV) residential feeders without controlling their ratings and locations may deteriorate the overall grid performance including reversed power flows, high losses and unacceptable voltage profiles. Therefore, in recent years the utilities have adopted limitations on the maximum allowable number of PVs in LV networks. To overcome these issues, this paper investigates the performance of a communication-based and intelligent voltage profile regulating technique under a Monte Carlo-based stochastic framework. This technique is applicable for LV residential feeders with single-phase rooftop PVs and relies on the availability of smart meters along the LV feeder to transmit phase voltage measurements to the controllers of the PV inverters. The objective of the voltage regulation technique is to minimize voltage unbalance along the feeder. The effectiveness of the voltage regulation technique are investigated in this paper by the help of MATLAB-based simulation studies.

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“…by photovoltaics installed on roofs, and by increasing demand for electricity, e.g. by heat pumps or electric vehicles) threatens the operation of cables which were not designed for this usage [7]. Kadurek et al (2011) [4] describe this challenge for the operation of low voltage cables in more detail, highlighting that conventional protection schemes will not be able to tackle overloading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast and revenue-oriented protection of radial LV cables with smart battery operation

Ramezani

Höning

Poutré

2013

2013 IEEE Computational Intelligence Applications in Smart Grid (CIASG)

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Abstract-Low-voltage radial electricity cables will have more and more difficulties to carry the increasing load of novel consumption devices (e.g. electric vehicles) and the expected generated input of decentrally-generated power (e.g. from photovoltaic cells). One solution to avoid replacement is to install a battery at the end of a cable which is expected to be overloaded frequently. The intelligent operation of this battery needs to combine the protection of the cable with optimizing its revenue, in order to be economically viable. This paper formulates the offline optimization problem and proposes two robust heuristic online strategies. We show in computer simulations that these heuristics, which make fast just-in-time responses, reliably deliver good results. Our second heuristic, H2, reaches up to 83% of the approximated theoretical optimum.

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Predicting the technical impacts of high levels of small-scale embedded generators on low-voltage networks

Cited by 104 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative analysis of domestic and feeder connected batteries for low voltage networks with high photovoltaic penetration

Comparative analysis of domestic and feeder connected batteries for low voltage networks with high photovoltaic penetration

Monte Carlo-based Stochastic Analysis Results for Coordination of Single-Phase Rooftop PVs in Low Voltage Residential Networks

Fast and revenue-oriented protection of radial LV cables with smart battery operation

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