Powder-to-film approach for fabricating critical raw material-free kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film photovoltaic: A review

Wibowo, Rachmat Adhi

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.031

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…One of the research targets in nanopowder utilization is its conversion to a more manageable material form, including, for instance, solid layers or compacts made by various methods. With regard to kesterite nanopowders, the term “sintering” has been occasionally and rather misleadingly applied to describe a final stage in a multi-step process starting with either the thin-film deposition of precursors [ 3 , 21 , 22 ] or the cold-pressing of raw powders [ 23 ], followed by thermal annealing at sufficiently high temperatures. Such processing results, first, in solid layers or compacts that are later subjected to temperature-promoted reactions/changes, yielding the target tetragonal kesterite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Lejda

Janik

Perzanowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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We explore the important aspects of adventitious oxygen presence in nanopowders, as well as in the high-pressure and high-temperature-sintered nanoceramics of semiconductor kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4. The initial nanopowders were prepared via the mechanochemical synthesis route from two precursor systems, i.e., (i) a mixture of the constituent elements (Cu, Zn, Sn, and S), (ii) a mixture of the respective metal sulfides (Cu2S, ZnS, and SnS), and sulfur (S). They were made in each system in the form of both the raw powder of non-semiconducting cubic zincblende-type prekesterite and, after thermal treatment at 500 °C, of semiconductor tetragonal kesterite. Upon characterization, the nanopowders were subjected to high-pressure (HP) (7.7 GPa) and high-temperature (HT) (500 °C) sintering that afforded mechanically stable black pellets. Both the nanopowders and pellets were extensively characterized, employing such determinations as powder XRD, UV-Vis/FT-IR/Raman spectroscopies, solid-state 65Cu/119Sn NMR, TGA/DTA/MS, directly analyzed oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H) contents, helium density, and Vicker’s hardness (when applicable). The major findings are the unexpectedly high oxygen contents in the starting nanopowders, which are further revealed in the sintered pellets as crystalline SnO2. Additionally, the pressure–temperature–time conditions of the HP/HT sintering of the nanopowders are shown (in the relevant cases) to result in the conversion of the tetragonal kesterite into cubic zincblende polytype upon decompression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Lejda

Janik

Perzanowski

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…1, bottom). Jet milling is much more superior than other reported milling techniques 14 to produce particles to a sub-micron size as well as to produce sharp particle distribution. D 50the median value of the milled CZTS powderis 0.65 mm and thus suitable for preparing a CZTS thin lm absorber.…”

Section: Powder Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic interplay of alkali cations and a natural organic binder in the microstructural evolution of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ thin films prepared from Cu₂ZnSnS₄ powder-containing inks

et al. 2019

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“…500–600 °C and decomposes at still higher temperatures to the metal sulfides and sulfur [ 14 ]. Temperature levels around 500 °C are commonly used in the synthetic work-up of kesterite, also, to stabilize the structure of the most stable tetragonal polytype in the materials’ forms of rather thick layers or nanopowders [ 1 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric/Thermal–Mass Spectroscopy Insight into Oxidation Propensity of Various Mechanochemically Made Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders

Lejda,

Partyka,

Janik

2024

Materials

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Thermogravimetry coupled with thermal analysis and quadrupole mass spectroscopy TGA/DTA-QMS were primarily used to assess the oxidation susceptibility of a pool of nanocrystalline powders of the semiconductor kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 for prospective photovoltaic applications, which were prepared via the mechanochemically assisted synthesis route from two different precursor systems. Each system, as confirmed by XRD patterns, yielded first the cubic polytype of kesterite with defunct semiconductor properties, which, after thermal annealing at 500 °C under neutral gas atmosphere, was converted to the tetragonal semiconductor polytype. The TGA/DTA-QMS determinations up to 1000 °C were carried out under a neutral argon Ar atmosphere and under a dry, oxygen-containing gas mixture of O2:Ar = 1:4 (vol.). The mass spectroscopy data confirmed that under each of the gas atmospheres, a distinctly different, multistep evolution of such oxygen-bearing gaseous compounds as sulfur oxides SO2/SO3, carbon dioxide CO2, and water vapor H2O was taking place. The TGA/DTA changes in correlation with the nature of evolving gases helped in the elucidation of the plausible chemistry linked to kesterite oxidation, both in the stage of nanopowder synthesis/storage at ambient air conditions and during forced oxidation up to 1000 °C in the dry, oxygen-containing gas mixture.

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Powder-to-film approach for fabricating critical raw material-free kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film photovoltaic: A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Dynamic interplay of alkali cations and a natural organic binder in the microstructural evolution of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ thin films prepared from Cu₂ZnSnS₄ powder-containing inks

Thermogravimetric/Thermal–Mass Spectroscopy Insight into Oxidation Propensity of Various Mechanochemically Made Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders

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Powder-to-film approach for fabricating critical raw material-free kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film photovoltaic: A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 51 publications

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Oxygen Aspects in the High-Pressure and High-Temperature Sintering of Semiconductor Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders Prepared by a Mechanochemically-Assisted Synthesis Method

Dynamic interplay of alkali cations and a natural organic binder in the microstructural evolution of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin films prepared from Cu2ZnSnS4 powder-containing inks

Thermogravimetric/Thermal–Mass Spectroscopy Insight into Oxidation Propensity of Various Mechanochemically Made Kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 Nanopowders

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Dynamic interplay of alkali cations and a natural organic binder in the microstructural evolution of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ thin films prepared from Cu₂ZnSnS₄ powder-containing inks