Potential use of soybean hulls and waste paper as supports in SSF for cellulase production by Aspergillus niger

Abstract

Cellulase has by vast applications in the biofuel, pulp and paper, detergent and textile industries. The three components of the enzyme complex (endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase) can effectively depolymerize the cellulose chains in lignocellulosic substrate. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) by fungi is a preferable production route for cellulase because of its low cost, among other advantages. This work describes the cellulase production by Aspergillus niger NRRL3 grown on SSF. SSF was carried out on soybean hulls and waste paper as supports. The effect of the support on cellulase production was assessed under a completely randomized factorial design. The support-time interaction was significant for all the variables studied. Both materials were characterized in terms of water absorption index and critical humidity point. Samples of culture were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study spores and fungal growth. Maximum endoglucanase activity was found at 96 h using soybean hulls as support (5914.29 U L-1), being four times higher than that obtained using waste paper at the same fermentation time. The exoglucanase activity in soybean hulls was maximal at 96 h (4551.19 U L-1), being 9.6 times higher than that obtained in waste paper at the same time. The maximum β-glucosidase activity in soybean hulls (984.01 U L-1) was reached at 96 h, being 1.7 times greater than that obtained in waste paper. Besides, the use of soybean hulls provided high volumetric productivities at shorter times, which may decrease production costs considering a scaled process.

Effect of agro-industrial residues mixtures on the production of endoglucanase by Aspergillus niger in solid state fermentation

“…Maximum endoglucanase values obtained in the experiments ranged from 67.551 (run 2) to 136.142 U mL -1 (run 7). Among single substrates, soybean hulls supported maximum endoglucanase activity (111.46 U mL -1 ), which was 18 times higher than that reported by Boggione, Allasia, Bassani, and Farruggia (2016), who used the same substrate and A. niger cultivated under 96 hours of solid-state fermentation. A preliminary analysis of this data revealed the significance of the culture medium components as substrates for endoglucanase biosynthesis, since the least favorable condition was that where rice straw alone was used as carbon source (run 2).…”

Cellulase Enzyme Production Using Solid State Fermentation Method From Waste – A Review

“…The exoglucanase activity in soybean hulls was maximal at 96 h (4551.19 U L 1), being 9.6 times higher than that obtained in waste paper at the same time. The maximum β-glucosidase activity in soybean hulls (984.01 U L 1) was reached at 96 h, being 1.7 times greater than that obtained in waste paper (Julia et al, 2016).…”

Produksi β-Glukosidase Aspergillus niger BIO 2173 dengan Fermentasi Padat Menggunakan Substrat Dedak

“…Produksi selulase meningkat dengan adanya penambahan MgSO 4 dan CaCl 2 pada konsentrasi hingga 0,03%. Julia et al (2016) melakukan isolasi β-glukosidase dari Aspergillus niger NRRL3 dengan fermentasi media padat menggunakan substrat bungkil kedelai (soybean hull) dan limbah kertas dengan penambahan larutan garam mineral Mandels menghasilkan ekstrak kasar enzim dengan nilai aktivitas maksimum untuk substrat bungkil kedelai sebesar 0,984 U/mL, lebih tinggi 1,7 kali daripada substrat limbah kertas. Raza et al (2011) melakukan seleksi terhadap 10 jenis pelarut yang digunakan pada fermentasi padat produksi β-glukosidase dari campuran kultur Aspergillus niger dan A. oryzae.…”

“…Isolasi β-glukosidase dari kapang dilakukan baik dengan menggunakan metode fermentasi media padat maupun fermentasi media cair (Singhania et al, 2013). Berbagai jenis kapang telah dijadikan sebagai sumber β-glukosidase seperti Aspergillus niger (Raza et al, 2011;Zahoor et al, 2011;Qian et al, 2012;Junior et al, 2014;Ahmed et al, 2015Julia et al, 2016, Aspergillus terreus (Elshafei et al, 2011), Aspergillus fumigatus (Liu et al, 2012), Fusarium proliferatum (Gao et al, 2012), Penicillium pinophilum (Joo et al, 2010), Penicillium italicum (Park et al, 2012), Trichoderma viride (Irshad et al, 2013), dan Trichoderma reesei (Zheng et al, 2017).…”