“…In fact, on the one hand, a high content of Mg in the diet seems to be associated with a lower incidence of gastric, colon and breast cancers 4 – 6 . On the other hand, however, various data have shown how the availability of Mg by cancerous tissues could be involved in the development and/or growth of tumors 7 – 9 . In fact, some experimental studies have shown that Mg increases the proliferative capacity of tumors 7 – 9 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, however, various data have shown how the availability of Mg by cancerous tissues could be involved in the development and/or growth of tumors 7 – 9 . In fact, some experimental studies have shown that Mg increases the proliferative capacity of tumors 7 – 9 . Furthermore, in vivo, breast cancer accumulates Mg causing a lowering of its concentration in serum in dogs and, in humans, the presence of head and neck cancers is associated with a reduction in serum Mg and magnesemia increases after radiotherapy of the tumor 10 , 11 .…”
This study aimed to ascertain, for the first time, whether serum magnesium (Mg) concentration is affected by the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively enrolled consecutive cirrhotic patients with a diagnosis of HCC (n = 130) or without subsequent evidence of HCC during surveillance (n = 161). Serum levels of Mg were significantly (P < 0.001) lower in patients with HCC than in those without (median [interquartile range]: 1.80 [1.62–1.90] mg/dl vs. 1.90 [1.72–2.08] mg/dl). On multivariate logistic regression, low serum Mg was associated with the presence of HCC (OR 0.047, 95% CI 0.015–0.164; P < 0.0001), independently from factors that can influence magnesaemia and HCC development. In a subset of 94 patients with HCC, a linear mixed effects model adjusted for confounders showed that serum Mg at diagnosis of HCC was lower than before diagnosis of the tumor (β = 0.117, 95% CI 0.039–0.194, P = 0.0035) and compared to after locoregional treatment of HCC (β = 0.079, 95% CI 0.010–0.149, P = 0.0259), with two thirds of patients experiencing these changes of serum Mg over time. We hypothesize that most HCCs, like other cancers, may be avid for Mg and behave like a Mg trap, disturbing the body’s Mg balance and resulting in lowering of serum Mg levels.
“…In fact, on the one hand, a high content of Mg in the diet seems to be associated with a lower incidence of gastric, colon and breast cancers 4 – 6 . On the other hand, however, various data have shown how the availability of Mg by cancerous tissues could be involved in the development and/or growth of tumors 7 – 9 . In fact, some experimental studies have shown that Mg increases the proliferative capacity of tumors 7 – 9 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…On the other hand, however, various data have shown how the availability of Mg by cancerous tissues could be involved in the development and/or growth of tumors 7 – 9 . In fact, some experimental studies have shown that Mg increases the proliferative capacity of tumors 7 – 9 . Furthermore, in vivo, breast cancer accumulates Mg causing a lowering of its concentration in serum in dogs and, in humans, the presence of head and neck cancers is associated with a reduction in serum Mg and magnesemia increases after radiotherapy of the tumor 10 , 11 .…”
This study aimed to ascertain, for the first time, whether serum magnesium (Mg) concentration is affected by the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We retrospectively enrolled consecutive cirrhotic patients with a diagnosis of HCC (n = 130) or without subsequent evidence of HCC during surveillance (n = 161). Serum levels of Mg were significantly (P < 0.001) lower in patients with HCC than in those without (median [interquartile range]: 1.80 [1.62–1.90] mg/dl vs. 1.90 [1.72–2.08] mg/dl). On multivariate logistic regression, low serum Mg was associated with the presence of HCC (OR 0.047, 95% CI 0.015–0.164; P < 0.0001), independently from factors that can influence magnesaemia and HCC development. In a subset of 94 patients with HCC, a linear mixed effects model adjusted for confounders showed that serum Mg at diagnosis of HCC was lower than before diagnosis of the tumor (β = 0.117, 95% CI 0.039–0.194, P = 0.0035) and compared to after locoregional treatment of HCC (β = 0.079, 95% CI 0.010–0.149, P = 0.0259), with two thirds of patients experiencing these changes of serum Mg over time. We hypothesize that most HCCs, like other cancers, may be avid for Mg and behave like a Mg trap, disturbing the body’s Mg balance and resulting in lowering of serum Mg levels.
“…Different metals of biological interest, such as copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), gallium (Ga), and indium (In), have previously been bonded to curcuminoid-type molecules, forming active metal complexes with antioxidant or cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cell lines (Table 1) [21][22][23][24]. A metal ion related to breast cancer is magnesium (Mg) [25], the second most relevant ion in the human body [26] because it acts as a cofactor for about 300 enzymatic processes involved in maintaining energy metabolism [27], protein synthesis, and DNA replication [28], besides exerting essential antioxidant functions [29].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ailment hypomagnesemia [30] is related to high oxidative stress and low serum concentrations of magnesium in women with breast cancer that compromises the expression and function of antioxidant enzymes, concomitantly manifesting the progression and proliferation of breast tumors [27,28]. So, considering the importance and participation of magnesium in breast cancer, the synthesis of metallodrugs that contain this metal ion is essential.…”
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the female population because of the resistance of cancer cells to many anticancer drugs used. Curcumin has cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cells, although it has limited use due to its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolic elimination. The synthesis of metal complexes of curcumin and curcuminoids is a relevant topic in the search for more active and selective derivatives of these molecular scaffolds. However, solubility and bioavailability are concomitant disadvantages of these types of molecules. To overcome such drawbacks, the preparation of inclusion complexes offers a chemical and pharmacologically safe option for improving the aqueous solubility of organic molecules. Herein, we describe the preparation of the inclusion complex of dimethoxycurcumin magnesium complex (DiMeOC-Mg, (4)) with beta-cyclodextrin (DiMeOC-Mg-BCD, (5)) in the stoichiometric relationship 1:1. This new inclusion complex’s solubility in aqueous media phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was improved by a factor of 6x over the free metal complex (4). Furthermore, 5 affects cell metabolic rate, cell morphology, cell migration, induced apoptosis, and downregulation of the matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) expression levels on MD Anderson metastasis breast-231 cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines. Results of an antitumor assay in an in ovo model showed up to 30% inhibition of tumor growth for breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) when using (5) (0.650 mg/kg dose) and 17.29% inhibition with the free homoleptic metal complex (1.5 mg/kg dose, (4)). While the formulation of inclusion complexes from metal complexes of curcuminoids demonstrates its usefulness in improving the solubility and bioavailability of these metallodrugs, the new compound (5) exhibits excellent potential for use as a therapeutic agent in the battle against breast cancer.
“…Mg is associated with immune response ( A ), cancer progression ( B ), infectious diseases ( C ), and inflammation ( D ). Inflammation is induced by magnesium depletion via numerous signaling mechanisms [ 40 , 103 ]. NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate, RAAS the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system Fig.…”
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