Potential of hypocotyl diameter in family selection aiming at plant architecture improvement of common bean

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Cultivars of common bean with more erect plant architecture and greater tolerance to degree of lodging are required by producers. Thus, to evaluate the potential of hypocotyl diameter (HD) in family selection for plant architecture improvement of common bean, the HDs of 32 F 2 plants were measured in 3 distinct populations, and the characteristics related to plant architecture were analyzed in their progenies. Ninety-six F 2:3 families and 4 controls were evaluated in a randomized block design, with 3 replications, analyzing plant architecture grade, HD, and grain yield during the winter 2010 and drought 2011 seasons. We found that the correlation between the HD of F 2 plants and traits related to plant architecture of F 2:3 progenies were of low magnitude compared to the estimates for correlations considering the parents, indicating a high environmental influence on HD in bean plants. There was a predominance of additive genetic effects on the determination of hypocotyl diameter, which showed higher precision and accuracy compared to plant architecture grade. Thus, this characteristic can be used to select progenies in plant architecture improvement of common beans; however, selection must be based on the means of at least 39 plants in the plot, according to the results of repeatability analysis.

Diallel analysis to choose parents for black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) breeding

“…The coefficients of experimental variation for all three traits were below 20% (Table 2), indicating good experimental precision, and are in accordance with the values reported for experiments of this nature on bean cultures (Menezes Oliveira et al, 2015). In the diallelic analysis, sources of treatment variation included the effects of the GCA of groups 1 and 2 (GCA 1 and GCA 2 ), the SCA, and the contrast between the averages of the two parental groups (G 1 vs G 2 ) ( Table 2).…”

“…The joint diallelic analysis revealed a non-significant effect of the genotype x season interaction ( Table 5), indicating that there was no difference in the behavior of the genotypes in the different seasons in relation to PAG. Non-significant G x E interactions for PAG have also been reported by other authors in bean cultivation (Moreto et al, 2007;Oliveira et al, 2015). The interactions GCA 1 x season, GCA 2 x season, and SCA x season were also non-significant (Table 5).…”

Targeted Analysis of Dry Bean Growth Habit: Interrelationship among Architectural, Phenological, and Yield Components

“…Silva et al (2013) also detected a similar correlation between CNH and STD. The importance of STD in defining dry bean architecture was also suggested in other studies (Adams, 1982;Acquaah et al, 1991;Silva et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2015). The moderate level of heritability observed here is in agreement with the 31 to 38% value estimated for six different populations by Acquaah et al (1989Acquaah et al ( , 1991.…”

“…During breeding for Type II, genetic variance increased for five traits, decreased for seven traits, and remained the same for four traits. The importance of STD in defining dry bean architecture was also suggested in other studies (Adams, 1982;Acquaah et al, 1991;Silva et al, 2013;Oliveira et al, 2015). Genetic variance and heritability estimates of 16 traits grouped by Type II, III, and the whole population (combined).…”

Genetic progress resulting from forty-three years of breeding of the carioca common bean in Brazil

“…However, selection of erect plants is challenging, as many component traits influence plant architecture and thus may influence character expression (Silva et al, 2013). In this way, plant breeders must develop more accurate evaluation techniques that better discriminate between superior and undesirable genotypes in order to maximize gains in a reduced time period (Oliveira et al, 2015). .…”