Potential of exogenous cartilage proteoglycan as a new material for cartilage regeneration

Ohshika, Shusa; Ishibashi, Yasuyuki; Kon, Atsushi; Kusumi, Tomomi; Kijima, Hiroshi; Toh, Satoshi

doi:10.1007/s00264-011-1335-2

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, the core protein of acetic acid-extracted salmon PG is partially fragmented compared to that of GdnHCl-extracted salmon PG [12] . Although the acetic acid-extracted PG is the fragmented CSPG fraction, it retains various biological activities and is the only commercially available PG for pharmacological use [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] . In this study, we show that salmon PG reduces the tube-like formation of vascular endothelial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage inhibit angiogenesis

Kobayashi

Kakizaki

Nozaka

et al. 2017

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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Because cartilage lacks nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels, it is thought to contain factors that inhibit the growth and development of those tissues. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are a major extracellular component in cartilage. CSPGs contribute to joint flexibility and regulate extracellular signaling via their attached glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate (CS). CS and CSPG inhibit axonal regeneration; however, their role in blood vessel formation is largely unknown. To clarify the function of CSPG in blood vessel formation, we tested salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan (PG), a member of the aggrecan family of CSPG, for endothelial capillary-like tube formation. Treatment with salmon PG inhibited endothelial cell adhesion and in vitro tube formation. The anti-angiogenic activity was derived from CS in the salmon PG but not the core protein. Salmon PG also reduced matrix metalloproteinase expression and inhibited angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. All of these data support an anti-angiogenic role for CSPG in cartilage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage inhibit angiogenesis

Kobayashi

Kakizaki

Nozaka

et al. 2017

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

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“…Notably, salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan has the potential to induce the proliferation of chondrocytes and the production of proteoglycans by chondrocytes in vitro (29,30) and also exhibits anti-inflammatory action in vivo in arthritic mice (31). Thus, it was proposed that the administration of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan may improve the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis, due to its chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous open-label (unblended) study by the current authors investigating individuals with knee osteoarthritis indicated that administration of proteoglycan extracted from salmon nasal cartilage alleviates the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis, possibly by reducing the degradation of type II collagen, as evidenced by a reduction in the C2C/PIICP ratio ( 29 ). Notably, salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan has the potential to induce the proliferation of chondrocytes and the production of proteoglycans by chondrocytes in vitro ( 29 , 30 ) and also exhibits anti-inflammatory action in vivo in arthritic mice ( 31 ). Thus, it was proposed that the administration of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan may improve the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis, due to its chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of salmon nasal proteoglycan on biomarkers for cartilage metabolism in individuals with knee joint discomfort: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study

Tsuji¹,

Takahashi

Tanaka

et al. 2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the chondroprotective action of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan on joint health. The effect of oral administration of proteoglycan (10 mg/day) on cartilage metabolism was evaluated in individuals with knee joint discomfort but without diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. The average age of patients was 52.6±1.1 years old. The effect of proteoglycan was evaluated by analyzing markers for type II collagen degradation (C1,2C) and synthesis (PIICP), and the ratio of type II collagen degradation to synthesis. The results indicated that the change in C1,2C levels significantly differed in the proteoglycan group compared with the placebo group following 16 weeks intervention among subjects with high levels of knee pain and physical dysfunction (total score of Japan Knee Osteoarthritis Measure ≥41) and subjects with constant knee pain (both P<0.05). There was a greater increase in PIICP levels in the proteoglycan group than the placebo group following intervention, although this difference was not significant in both sets of patients. Thus, the C1,2C/PIICP ratios decreased in the proteoglycan group, whereas they slightly increased in the placebo group following the intervention. Furthermore, no test supplement-related adverse events were observed during the intervention. Therefore, oral administration of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan at a dose of 10 mg/day may exert a chondroprotective action in subjects with knee joint discomfort. This effect was achieved by improving cartilage metabolism (reducing type II collagen degradation and enhancing type II collagen synthesis), without causing apparent adverse effects.

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“…PG or its metabolites may exert anti-inflammatory actions via the suppression of inflammatory cytokine production, as well as a chondroprotective effect at the joint tissue via the proliferation of chondrocytes and the production of PGs. 10 In an in vivo study by Yo Tsuchiya et al, PG was shown to be absorbed through the small intestine via clathrin-mediated endocytosis. 11 There are also many instances, such as genetic disorders, where changes in PG production directly affect cartilage tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Administration of Salmon Cartilage Proteoglycan Attenuates Osteoarthritis in a Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Rat Model

Iddamalgoda

et al. 2020

Natural Product Communications

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Proteoglycan (PG) is a type of glycoprotein which forms an extracellular matrix with collagen and hyaluronic acid to maintain articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and synovial fluid. This study aimed to evaluate the antiosteoarthritis effects of salmon nasal cartilage-derived PG in alleviating knee osteoarthritis in an osteoarthritis rat model. Knee osteoarthritis was induced in rats by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA), 3 mg/knee, to the right knee. Animals were then administered either diclofenac (3 mg/kg body weight [b.w]/day) or proteoglycan F (PGF; 40 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg b.w/day) by oral gavage for 6 consecutive weeks. Knee diameters were measured throughout the experimental period; serum interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels, and histological analysis of the ligament were carried out at the end of the experiment. Salmon cartilage PG considerably alleviated the osteoarthritis symptoms in the model and lowered the serum concentrations of interleukin-1β and TNF-α. Diclofenac 3 mg/kg/day and PGF at doses of 40 mg/kg/day and 120 mg/kg/day also improved articular cartilage structure on further histological studies. This study demonstrated the in vivo effect of salmon cartilage PG in attenuating symptoms in an MIA-induced rat model, including reduction of inflammatory markers and histological improvement of cartilage tissue.

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Potential of exogenous cartilage proteoglycan as a new material for cartilage regeneration

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage inhibit angiogenesis

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage inhibit angiogenesis

Evaluation of the effect of salmon nasal proteoglycan on biomarkers for cartilage metabolism in individuals with knee joint discomfort: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical study

Oral Administration of Salmon Cartilage Proteoglycan Attenuates Osteoarthritis in a Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Rat Model

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