Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans from salmon nasal cartilage inhibit angiogenesis

Abstract

Because cartilage lacks nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels, it is thought to contain factors that inhibit the growth and development of those tissues. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are a major extracellular component in cartilage. CSPGs contribute to joint flexibility and regulate extracellular signaling via their attached glycosaminoglycan, chondroitin sulfate (CS). CS and CSPG inhibit axonal regeneration; however, their role in blood vessel formation is largely unknown. To clarify the function of CSPG in blood vessel formation, we tested salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan (PG), a member of the aggrecan family of CSPG, for endothelial capillary-like tube formation. Treatment with salmon PG inhibited endothelial cell adhesion and in vitro tube formation. The anti-angiogenic activity was derived from CS in the salmon PG but not the core protein. Salmon PG also reduced matrix metalloproteinase expression and inhibited angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane. All of these data support an anti-angiogenic role for CSPG in cartilage.

Role of extracellular matrix and microenvironment in regulation of tumor growth and LAR-mediated invasion in glioblastoma

“…In this work, we did not take into account many microenvironmental factors such as endogenous immune dynamics [ 147 ], signaling networks [ 148 , 149 ], angiogenesis [ 148 , 150 ], biophysical interaction between a glioma and blood vessels [ 148 ], ECM remodeling for therapy [ 149 , 151 – 153 ], or growth factors [ 154 , 155 ] such as fibroblast growth factors (FGF) [ 156 ] and epidermal growth factors (EGF) [ 49 , 157 , 158 ] transforming growth factor- β (TGF- β ) [ 49 , 159 ], CSF-1 [ 49 , 160 ], that may play key roles in progress, aggression, invasion of gliomas and development of anti-cancer strategies [ 161 ]. However, the multi-scale mathematical model in the current paper is a first step toward further experimental investigation and more detailed modeling by incorporating these microenvironmental factors.…”

Bioactives from Agri-Food Wastes: Present Insights and Future Challenges

“…For example, several bioactive compounds can be isolated from processing waste of shrimps, one of the most widely consumed seafoods, including chito-oligosaccharides from chitin, astaxanthin a red carotenoid with high antioxidant capacity, and Ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [164][165][166]. Salmon nasal cartilage is a valuable source of bioactive proteoglycans reported for anti-angiogenic activity, relieving joint pain discomfort in elderly people and promoting wound healing [167][168][169]177]. Fish skin is also an important source of collagen that can be hydrolysed to bioactive peptides with multiple health benefits with antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, and anti-diabetic activities, as well as enhancing learning and memory [170][171][172].…”

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“…Крім цього, хондроїтинсульфати здатні знижувати активність матриксної металопротеїнази та чинити антиангіогенну дію [16]. Відомо, що матриксні металопротеїнази є деградативними ферментами екстрацелюлярного матриксу і їх активність підвищена при запаленні та корелює з рівнем СРБ [17].…”