Potential of agricultural and agroindustrial wastes as adsorbent materials of toxic heavy metals: a review

Schiller, Andréia da Paz; Conradi, Juliano Zimmermann Elio; Gonçalves, Affonso Celso; Braccini, Alessandro de Lucca e; Schwantes, Daniel; Campagnolo, Marcelo Ângelo; Conradi, Élio; Zimmermann, Juliano

doi:10.5004/dwt.2020.25094

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…3 The increasing pollution levels in the environment, especially in developing countries, increase the importance of aiming for better water quality management. 4,5 Therefore, researchers all over the world seek to develop low-cost and environmentally friendly technologies for treating polluted waters 1,[6][7][8] to avoid costly adsorption technologies, such as commercial activated carbon (AC). 9 In this sense, biochar derived from agro-industrial residues has proven to be an effective alternative for removing some of the most hazardous water contaminants, adding value to the byproducts of agro-industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal

Gonçalves

Schwantes

Braccini

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: This research assessed the capacity for Cd 2+ removal from water using canola meal-based adsorbents: canola meal chemically activated with 1 mol L -1 NaOH and pyrolyzed for 1 h at 500 °C (CAC) and the second product obtained with a similar process but with a second pyrolysis at 750 °C in CO 2 flow (CAC-CO 2 ). The materials were characterized by their chemical composition and thermal stability and using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, pH at point of zero charge (pH PZC ) and scanning electron microscopy. Hydroxyl and carboxyl are the most likely surface functional groups responsible for adsorption. RESULTS:The obtained pH PZC values were 10.83 for CAC and 9.84 for CAC-CO 2 . Both materials presented heterogeneous surfaces with many cavities, which increased their respective surface specific area 23 000-and 540 000-fold compared to canola meal biomass. Our best results were obtained using 4.0 g L −1 of adsorbent, at pH 7.0, with an equilibrium time of 40 and 60 min for CAC and CAC-CO 2 , respectively. The most likely mechanism predominantly involved in Cd adsorption is physical, according to Temkin nonlinear parameters, thermodynamics parameters and excellent recovery rates (67.8%).CONCLUSIONS: The use of canola meal as a feedstock for activated biochar production is an attractive and new possibility for producing a competitive adsorbent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal

Gonçalves

Schwantes

Braccini

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Adsorption is the most cost-effective and resourceful procedure for the sequestration of pollutants from contaminated water [22][23][24]. This water remediation technique has been studied with a wide variety of adsorbent materials, including waste ASTESJ ISSN: 2415-6698 biomass [25], peat moss [26], zeolites [27] and hydrogels [28], to name only a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Under Different Conditions, and a Preliminary Study on its Efficacy to Adsorb Cu2+

Oluwasina¹,

Rana²,

Jonnalagadda³

2021

Adv. sci. technol. eng. syst. j.

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Graphene oxide (GO) was prepared by the modified Hummer's method, but the mass ratio of graphite to sodium nitrate (NaNO3) was varied from 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2. The primary reason for the variation was to determine the optimum conditions that would afford more oxygen functional groups to improve the material for application in adsorption. The final products, termed GO2:1, GO1:1 and GO1:2, were analyzed by several instrumental techniques. The layered structure of the GO sheet was established by transmission electron microscopy, while powder X-ray diffraction showed that the GO2:1 material was more crystalline than either GO1:1 or GO1:2. Raman spectroscopy revealed the presence of a greater defect density in GO2:1. The presence of oxygen functional groups was verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and these were quantified by the Boehm titration method. Overall, GO2:1 had a larger oxygen content than either GO1:1 or GO1:2, and a larger specific surface area. A preliminary study on the adsorption properties of the samples revealed that GO2:1 exhibited the highest percentage removal for Cu 2+ in aqueous solution. Thus, the preparation of graphene oxide with a smaller amount of NaNO3 yielded a material with a greater oxygen content, which showed suitable properties for the adsorption of contaminants in wastewaters.

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“…In this sense, the use of commercial activated carbon demands a complex and costly production process (Schiller et al 2020). Given this, the development of activated carbons using alternative materials and processes that result in a lower cost and high performance product becomes attractive to industry as well as to scientific research (Barbosa et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Hokkanen et al 2016). Traditionally, controlled pyrolysis of wood, carbon, and coconut shells produces commercially active carbons (Schiller et al 2020). However, this production usually requires some polymers, all of a certain purity, which may increase the cost of production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triple activation (thermal-chemical-physical) in the development of an activated carbon from tobacco: characterizations and optimal conditions for Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal from waters

Manfrin

Gonçalves

Schwantes

et al. 2020

Water Practice and Technology

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This research aimed to transform tobacco originating from smuggled cigarettes into activated carbons, and their application in the remediation of contaminated water by cadmium and lead. For this, a triple activation was performed (thermal – chemical H3PO4 – physical CO2), resulting in the studied activated carbon (CT H3PO4 + CO2). The carbon was characterized by its chemical composition, pHPZC, SEM, FT-IR, BET, and BJH. The influence of the pH of Cd2+ and Pb2+ solutions, and the influence of the adsorbent dose were studied. Isotherms were constructed by linear and nonlinear models of Langmuir, Freundlich, Sips, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin. CT H3PO4 + CO2 activated carbon has on its surface carbonates, hydroxyls, carboxylic, and carbonic acids. The triple activation caused changes on pHPZC (from 5.40 to 9.59). The SEM reveal a carbon surface full of irregular and heterogeneous structures, spongy aspect, with an estimated SSA increase of 395x and pore volume of 37x. The produced activated carbon has applicability over a wide pH range (3.00–7.00), with an ideal dose of the activated carbon estimated at 4 g L−1 for greater efficiency in removing Cd2+ and Pb2+. The linear and nonlinear models reveal that metal adsorption is predominantly physical and multi-layered, with a possible reuse in new sorption cycles.

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Potential of agricultural and agroindustrial wastes as adsorbent materials of toxic heavy metals: a review

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal

Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Under Different Conditions, and a Preliminary Study on its Efficacy to Adsorb Cu2+

Triple activation (thermal-chemical-physical) in the development of an activated carbon from tobacco: characterizations and optimal conditions for Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal from waters

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Potential of agricultural and agroindustrial wastes as adsorbent materials of toxic heavy metals: a review

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO2 as an effective tool for Cd removal

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO2 as an effective tool for Cd removal

Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Under Different Conditions, and a Preliminary Study on its Efficacy to Adsorb Cu2+

Triple activation (thermal-chemical-physical) in the development of an activated carbon from tobacco: characterizations and optimal conditions for Cd2+ and Pb2+ removal from waters

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Product

Resources

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Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal

Canola meal‐derived activated biochar treated with NaOH and CO₂ as an effective tool for Cd removal