Potential mineralization and nitrification in volcanic grassland soils in Chile

Cardenas, L. M.; Hatch, D. J.; Scholefield, D.; Jhurreea, Deveraj; Clark, Ian M.; Hirsch, P. R.; Salazar, Francisco; Rao, R. Srinivasa; Alfaro, Marta

doi:10.1080/00380768.2013.789395

Cited by 22 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…The greater soil N mineralization was measured in the The mineralization values were high and could be related to the high organic matter content of the soil (> 17%), in agreement with Cardenas et al (2013).…”

Section: N Mineralizationsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…This deficiency was corrected with the basal nutrients application carried out. Low N available data measured in winter months may be related to immobilization by the microbial biomass and roots (Pérez et al, 1998), as denitrification has been shown to be low in fertilized grassland soils of the same characteristics to that of the present study (Cardenas et al, 2013).…”

Section: Initial Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Leaching and denitrification values used were those of Salazar et al (2012b) and Cardenas et al (2013) respectively, for experiments carried out under similar conditions of that of the present experiment (Table 3). …”

Section: Nitrogen Soil Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil nitrogen contribution to grasslands and its implication for nitrogen use efficiency

Ortega

Alfaro

Martínez-Lagos

2016

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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In pasture systems of southern Chile, nitrogen (N) fertilization is mostly carried out without considering soil N supply, while seasonal N plant uptake is partially accounted for. These aspects are fundamental to correctly decide N fertilization. The aim of this work was to determine soil N contribution to grasslands yield in southern Chile and its implication for N use efficiency. Three treatments were distributed in a completely randomized block design with four replicates. A negative control treatment without N application and a positive control without N deficiency (450 kg N ha -1 ) were considered. An optimized treatment was also used, so that the total amount of mineral N applied as fertilizer was only that necessary to account for the arithmetic difference among plant uptake and N soil supply, resulting in the application of 171 kg N ha -1 only. Soil mineralization was high (241-934 kg N ha -1 ) and strongly affected by soil available N (VIP > 0.8). The 450 kg N ha -1 treatment produced 1,726 kg DM more than the 171 kg N ha -1 treatment. Nevertheless, this increase was associated to the application of an extra 279 kg N ha -1 , so that the extra yield was produced at a 6 kg DM kg -1 N efficiency. This value was one third of that showed by the optimized treatment, which was 1.8 times more efficient in the use of N than the 450 kg N ha -1 treatment, on average. Results suggest that it is possible to adjust pasture's N fertilization considering soil N contribution via mineralization, and that this improves resources efficiency while maintaining pasture productivity.

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Section: N Mineralizationsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Initial Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 52%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Soil nitrogen contribution to grasslands and its implication for nitrogen use efficiency

Ortega

Alfaro

Martínez-Lagos

2016

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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“…Cardenas et al. () showed that there is a high N potential retention in the Andisols soil of Southern Chile, which results in periods of high soil N mineralization hiding the effect of N application on productive and nutritive parameters of perennial ryegrass swards.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perennial ryegrass productivity and nutritive quality as affected by frequency of nitrogen fertilizer addition

et al. 2019

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In intensive dairy pasture‐based systems, split applications of nitrogen (N) use throughout the growth cycle has played an important role in increasing the herbage production and additional forage supply at specific times across the pasture growth season. However, little is known about how the frequency of N applications can modify the crude protein content and their fractions. A mini‐sward study was conducted between August 2011 and January 2012 in Valdivia, Chile, to quantify the effect of frequency of N application on herbage yield, growth dynamics and protein fractions in perennial ryegrass swards. A single N rate equivalent of 250 kg N ha−1 year−1 of ammonium nitrate (27% N) fertilizer was applied in five patterns based on phyllochron. Thus, the mini‐swards were fertilized when they reached 1–2–4–8 phyllochrons, and there was a zero rate of fertilizer application. All mini‐swards were defoliated when the ryegrass reached two complete expanded leaves per tiller. The treatments were replicated four times in a completely randomized block design. Defoliations were carried out by harvesting each plot with hand shears to a stubble height of 5 cm. Crude protein fractions were analyzed using the Cornell Carbohydrate and Protein Scheme (CNCPS). The results showed that plants fertilized more frequently (1–2–4 phyllochrons) had a higher (p < 0.001) accumulated herbage mass than plants fertilized every 8 phyllochrons. On the other hand, the fertilization frequency modified the herbage production over the experimental period (p < 0.05). Total crude protein was higher in plants fertilized less frequently, but crude protein fractions were not affected by fertilization frequency.

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“…DNA samples and PCR results failing to meet our quality criteria were discarded: a full description of the primers, PCR conditions and quality controls has been described previously (Cardenas et al 2013;Clark et al 2012) and is provided in the Supplementary Information. We did not quantify archaeal 16S rRNA genes: previous results indicated that they were 100-times less frequent than bacteria in our soils and the vast majority were ammonia oxidizers, so would be enumerated by the primers for archaeal amoA (Zhalnina et al 2013).…”

Section: Soil Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%