Soil resilience and recovery: rapid community responses to management changes

Hirsch, P. R.; Jhurreea, Deveraj; Williams, J. K.; Murray, Philip J.; Scott, T.; Misselbrook, Tom; Goulding, Keith; Clark, Ian M.

doi:10.1007/s11104-016-3068-x

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…To evaluate the potential effect of land management upon abundance and diversity of NSAP genes in soil we studied the Highfield Ley-Arable Experiment. A great deal of physical and biological data has already been reported for these soils (Hirsch et al 2009 ; Wu et al 2012 ; Gregory et al 2016 ; Hirsch et al 2016 ). Quantification of orthophosphate, orthophosphate monoester and pyrophosphate moieties in soil extracts by 31 P–NMR indicated significant differences between the three soil managements in the amount of total P, summed from NMR spectra of NaOH-EDTA extracts ( F 2,18 = 57.0; p < 0.001: all soil managements were significantly different from each of the others, smallest difference = 29.0 μg g −1 , t = 4.02, p < 0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 ). In fact, the relative abundance of class C genes increases from grassland soil to arable soil and is greatest in bare fallow soil; despite overall microbial abundance being the least in bare fallow soil (Hirsch et al 2009 ; Hirsch et al 2016 ). It is clear that the outer-membrane associated class C enzymes are less sensitive to the effects of reduced nutrient availability and soil structure associated with bare fallow management.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance

et al. 2017

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Background and aims Bacterial Non-Specific Acid Phosphatase (NSAP) enzymes are capable of dephosphorylating diverse organic phosphoesters but are rarely studied: their distribution in natural and managed environments is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to generate new insight into the environmental distribution of NSAPs and establish their potential global relevance to cycling of organic phosphorus. Methods We employed bioinformatic tools to determine NSAP diversity and subcellular localization in microbial genomes; used the corresponding NSAP gene sequences to census metagenomes from diverse ecosystems; studied the effect of long-term land management upon NSAP diversity and abundance. Results Periplasmic class B NSAPs are poorly represented in marine and terrestrial environments, reflecting their association with enteric and pathogenic bacteria. Periplasmic class A and outer membrane-associated class C NSAPs are cosmopolitan. NSAPs are more abundant in marine than terrestrial ecosystems and class C more abundant than class A genes, except in an acidic peat where class A genes dominate. A clear effect of land management upon gene abundance was identified. Conclusions NSAP genes are cosmopolitan. Class C genes are more widely distributed: their association with the outer-membrane of cells gives them a clear role in the cycling of organic phosphorus, particularly in soils.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance

et al. 2017

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“…Although the vegetation properties of the MMP and the SMP were not measured in this study, previous results reported in Cao et al (2013) showed that the aboveground biomass, the number of species, the and plant cover were lower under the SMP compared to the MMP. Less aboveground biomass and plant cover would mean fewer carbon and nutrient inputs into the soils, which in turn would limit soil fertility (Dong et al 2012;Hirsch et al 2016).…”

Section: Effects Of Grazing Management Patterns On Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-household grazing management pattern maintains better soil fertility

Cao

Deo

et al. 2018

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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In addition to changes in land use and cover, changes in land management pattern can also have a significant effect on soil fertility. However, to date, changes in grassland grazing management pattern caused by policies have received less attention in terms of their impact on soil fertility. In this paper, we investigated the influence of two different grazing management patterns: the multi-household grazing management pattern (consisting of pastures managed by two or more households with no fences separating them) and the single-household grazing pattern (with fences between adjacent pastures managed by different households), which were implemented after the enactment of grassland contract policy, on soil fertility in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our hypothesis was that soil fertility differed between the two grazing management patterns. We selected five study sites with both grazing management patterns in Maqu County on the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and sampled 30 winter grasslands from each grazing management pattern to explore differences in soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen, and soil total phosphorus. We showed that these indicators of fertility status were significantly greater under the multi-household grazing management pattern (47 g C kg −1 , 4.6 g N kg −1 , and 0.77 g P kg −1) compared to the single-household grazing management pattern (43 g C kg −1 , 4.3 g N kg −1 , and 0.73 g P kg −1). This is the first study of the effects of grazing management pattern on soil fertility in this environment, and it indicated that the multi-household grazing management pattern could maintain better soil fertility and help to support sustainable use of these grasslands.

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“…We quantified the microbial population with the method described by Hirsch et al (2016). Microbial DNA was extracted from 250 mg soil for each replicate (three replicates per treatment) with the PowerSoil ® DNA isolation kit (Mo Bio Laboratories, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA) by following the manufacturer's instructions, except for the beading step which used 5.5 m s −1 for 30 s (FastPrep ® 24 Instrument, MP Biomedicals, Santa Ana, CA, USA).…”

Section: Measurements Of Microbial Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of microbial activity on penetrometer resistance and elastic modulus of soil at different temperatures

Gao

Muñoz‐Romero

Ren

et al. 2017

European J Soil Science

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SummaryWe explore the effect of microbial activity stimulated by root exudates on the penetrometer resistance of soil and its elastic modulus. This is important because it is a measure of the mechanical strength of soil and it correlates closely with the rate of elongation of roots. A sandy soil was incubated with a synthetic root exudate at different temperatures, for different lengths of time and with selective suppression of either fungi or bacteria. The shape of the temperature response of penetrometer resistance in soil incubated with synthetic exudate was typical of a poikilothermic temperature response. Both penetrometer resistance and small strain shear modulus had maximum values between 25 and 30°C. At temperatures of 20°C and less, there was little effect of incubation with synthetic root exudate on the small strain shear modulus, although penetrometer resistance did increase with temperature over this range (4–20°C). This suggests that in this temperature range the increase in penetrometer resistance was related to a greater resistance to plastic deformation. At higher temperatures (> 25°C) penetrometer resistance decreased. Analysis of the DNA sequence data showed that at 25°C the number of Streptomyces (Gram‐positive bacteria) increased, but selective suppression of either fungi or bacteria suggested that fungi have the greater role with respect to penetrometer resistance.Highlights Effect of microbial activity stimulated by synthetic root exudates on the mechanical properties.We compared penetrometer measurements and estimates of elastic modulus with microbial community.Penetrometer resistance of soil showed a poikilothermic temperature response.Penetrometer resistance might be affected more by fungi than bacteria.

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Soil resilience and recovery: rapid community responses to management changes

Cited by 54 publications

References 43 publications

Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance

Phylogenetic distribution, biogeography and the effects of land management upon bacterial non-specific Acid phosphatase Gene diversity and abundance

Multi-household grazing management pattern maintains better soil fertility

Effect of microbial activity on penetrometer resistance and elastic modulus of soil at different temperatures

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